To enlighten investors on the impact of these breakthroughs and the opportunities they should create, we began publishing Big Ideas in 2017. This annual research report seeks to highlight

Multi-Cancer Screening
•
Along with somatic mutations, circulating 
proteins, and immune signatures, machine 
learning algorithms have surfaced DNA 
methylation as a novel and highly sensitive 
biomarker for earlier cancer detection.
1
•
The rapid cost decline of next-generation DNA 
sequencing (NGS) is enabling liquid biopsies.
2
•
Advancements in synthetic biology are helping 
clinicians to find faint signals of cancer in high-
noise environments like the bloodstream.
3
Based On A Single Blood Test, 
Multi-Cancer Screening 
Can Detect Dozens Of 
Early-Stage Cancers
2015 Prototype
Deep Learning
NGS
Synthetic Biology
2020 Prototype
2025 Commercial
Mu
lt
i-
Ca
nc
er
 S
cr
ee
ni
ng
Co
st
-of
-Go
od
s-
So
ld
 (U
SD
)
The Combination of Innovative Technologies 
is Driving Down Screening Costs
(2015-2025)
$30,000
Targeted 
Methylation
Deep
Sequencing
Target 
Capture
$1,500
$250
2015 
Prototype
Machine
Learning
NGS
Synthetic
Biology
2020
Prototype
2025
Commercial

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•
*Life Years gained is a modified mortality measure where remaining life expectancy is considered.
Forecasts are inherently limited and cannot be relied upon.
Source: ARK Investment Management LLC., 2020
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