Title of Dissertation: national renewable energy policy

Academy of Management Journal
56, no. 2 (2013): 358-
386.
83
Garud, Raghu, Sanjay Jain, and Arun Kumaraswamy. "Institutional entrepreneurship in 
the sponsorship of common technological standards: The case of Sun Microsystems and 
Java." 
Academy of Management Journal
45, no. 1 (2002): 196-214.; Greenwood, 
Royston, and Roy Suddaby. "Institutional entrepreneurship in mature fields: The big five 
accounting firms." 
Academy of Management Journal
49, no. 1 (2006): 27-48.; Haveman, 
Heather A., and Hayagreeva Rao. "Structuring a theory of moral sentiments: institutional 
and organizational coevolution in the early thrift industry 1." 
American Journal of 
Sociology
102, no. 6 (1997): 1606-1651.; Maguire, Steve, Cynthia Hardy, and Thomas B. 
Lawrence. "Institutional entrepreneurship in emerging fields: HIV/AIDS treatment 
advocacy in Canada." 
Academy of Management Journal
47, no. 5 (2004): 657-679.

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54 
The review of literature on issue fields shows that the relations of actors to change 
an issue field are not well understood. Using a network analysis can provide better 
understanding to power relations of the actors in an issue field by showing both 
competition and collaboration between actors in a quantitative way. By conducting a 
network analysis, Analysis 2 evaluates Proposition 2, which is suggested in line with 
O’Sullivan and O’Dwyer’s model. 
Proposition 2. The central domestic actors of a renewable energy field have framed 
renewable energy trade issues with a traditional environmental frame. 
Globalization and policy convergence: Theoretical framework for Analysis 3
 
Policy convergence refers to “the tendency of policies to grow more alike, in the 
form of increasing similarity in structures, processes, and performances”
84
Many scholars 
have studied if and how globalization leads the convergence of national policies in 
diverse policy areas. These studies show inconsistent results depending on the studied 
regions, periods, and policy areas.
85
 
Jänicke
was one of the early scholars suggesting the effect of international 
interdependence on policy convergence.
86
The role of international mechanism such as 
the United Nations and European Community has been pointed out in expanding the 
84
Drezner, Daniel W. "Globalization and policy convergence." International studies 
review 3, no. 1 (2001): 53-78. 
85
Heichel, Stephan, Jessica Pape, and Thomas Sommerer. "Is there convergence in 
convergence research? An overview of empirical studies on policy convergence." 
Journal 
of European public policy
12, no. 5 (2005): 817-840.
86
Jänicke, Martin. "Conditions for environmental policy success: an international 
comparison." 
Environmentalist
12, no. 1 (1992): 47-58.

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55 
implementation of environmental protection policies. Through the case studies of five 
environmental policy innovations, Kern and colleagues tried to find the mechanism of 
cross-national policy convergence.
87
They identified a number of explanatory factors for 
policy diffusion including national factors and international dynamics. According to their 
study, increasing number of international organizations and transnational networks were 
important for policy diffusion. 
Busch and Jorgens broadened these studies by suggesting three mechanisms of 
cross-country policy convergence.
88
First, countries may modify their policies to comply 
international agreements or laws. The other mechanism is to be coerced by other nations 
to implement a specific policy. Finally, countries voluntarily adopt a policy by 
communicating through international system. These three mechanisms simultaneously 
influence the process of policy convergence. They suggested that a holistic view on 
policy change was necessary rather than selecting one particular cause of policy 
convergence. 
Many studies suggested that domestic factors have affected policy change as well 
as international factors. Domestic factors work as “filters” of globalization pressure.
89
Kern and colleagues suggested that national capacity for action is important for policy 
87
Kern, Kristine, Helge Jörgens, and Martin Jänicke. "The diffusion of environmental 
policy innovations: a contribution to the globalisation of environmental policy." WZB 
Discussion Paper, No. FS II 01-302 (2001).
88
Busch, Per Olof, and Helge Jörgens. "International patterns of environmental policy 
change and convergence."