Theory of economics

3.GDP improves in Uzbekistan

Along with the world's largest economies, Uzbekistan's GDP is growing every year.As a result of the consistent implementation of its development model, Uzbekistan in the shortest time compared to other countries of the former Soviet Union, year in 1996, prevented the economic downturn, ensured macroeconomic stability and addressed key economic issues related to the restructuring of the economy began to implement. The Uzbek economy developed between 1996 and 2003 with an average annual growth rate of 4%. As a result of the processes of creating a favorable business environment, modernization of production, deepening economic reforms aimed at technical and technological renewal, the country's economy since 2004 began to show high and stable growth rates of 7-9% per annum.

From 2007 to 2016, the gross domestic product increased 2.2 times.Analysis of the main factors and sources of economic growth shows that over the past 10 years, high economic growth rates in agriculture increased by 1.9 times (average annual growth for 2007-2016 - 6, 5%), in industry - 1.7 times (5.6%), in construction - 3.9 times (15.0%), in services - 2.5 times (9.7%). As a result of creating a favorable business environment and attracting large-scale investments, not only economic growth has taken place, but also significant qualitative changes in the structure of the economy have taken place.As a result of the consistent implementation of the policy of structural changes, the structure of the country's economy has been diversified.

During the years of independence, as a result of further expansion of the development potential of the industrial sector and services, the share of agriculture in GDP (from 32.4% in 1995 to 17.6% in 2016) has been gradually declining. At the same time, the decrease in the share of agriculture in GDP occurred against the background of positive average annual growth rates of agricultural production. As a result of the adoption of measures to diversify, modernize, technical and technological renewal of the industrial sector, the growth of total industrial output and the share of industry (including construction) in GDP increased from 27.8% in 1995 to 2016. An increase of 32.9% was achieved.

At the same time, the development of the services sector is one of the important factors in the growth of the country's economy, employment and income. As a result of the consistent implementation of measures to reform the service sector, the sector has quickly become the fastest growing sector of the economy. The share of the services sector in GDP increased from 39.8% in 1995 to 49.5% in 2016.

During the years of independence, the structure of GDP has undergone radical changes in terms of ownership. The non-governmental sector played a key role in GDP and its share increased from 58.4% in 1995 to 81.3% in 2016.From the earliest stages of economic reforms, along with the development of small business and private entrepreneurship, privatization and denationalization were the main factors in the formation of a diversified economy. Small business is one of the most important factors in the development of the country's economy in 2000-2016.

Information on the composition of GDP, calculated by the method of final consumption, to determine the share of the value of goods and services consumed to meet the final consumption demand and the growth of national wealth of the country, the final consumption of GDP allows you to analyze the basic proportions of the. At current prices, the main share in the structure of consumption of GDP is the share of final consumption expenditures. The main share in final consumption expenditures falls on the share of household expenditures, and their share in 1991-2016 ranged from 44% to 63%.

During the period under review, the share of final consumption expenditures of public institutions in GDP fluctuated significantly and decreased from 20.7% in 1991 to 16.1% in 2016. The share of non-profit services provided to households in GDP is 1.1% on average.

Gross accumulation represents the growth of fixed assets and working capital. From 1991 to 2016, the share of gross savings has been developing steadily, averaging 25% of GDP. The main share of gross savings is the gross accumulation of fixed capital, which represents investment activity in the economy. The share of this indicator increased from 25.1% in 1991 to 27.8% in 2016. During the period under review, the share of net exports of goods and services in GDP averaged 2% (exports 30.5%, imports 28.5%). In recent years, there has been a steady growth trend in key elements of GDP.

In recent years, the role of regions in the structural transformation of the country has increased significantly. A number of measures have been taken to increase the economic potential and competitiveness of the regions.

As a result of the implementation of targeted regional programs in Tashkent (4.3 times compared to 2000), the Republic of Karakalpakstan (3.5 times), Jizzakh(3.9 times), Samarkand (3.8 times), Namangan (3.5 times), Andijan (3.3 times), Surkhandarya (3.3 times) regions.Also, the average annual growth rate of GRP for the observed period was 109.6% in Tashkent, 108.2% in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, 109.0% in Jizzakh region, 108.7% in Samarkand region, 108% in Namangan region. , 1%, in Andijan region - 107.9%, in Surkhandarya region - 107.8%.

According to preliminary estimates, the GDP of the Republic of Uzbekistan for January - September 2019 at current prices amounted to 361,858.4 billion soums and, compared with January - September 2018, increased by 5.7% in real terms. The GDP deflator index in relation to January-September 2018 prices amounted to 118.0%.

GDP per capita amounted to 10 805.0 thousand soums and, compared with the corresponding period last year, increased by 3.7%.

January-September GDP production by type of economic activity is characterized by the following data:

	Billionsoums					VolumeIndex,%		Impacton GDP growth, %