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of the sum of exchangeable bases
Degree of  solonetzization
According to the Classification …(1977) [11]
Egorov and 
Minashina 
(1976)
According to Kovda, (1968) [12]
highly humic soils
(chernozems)
soils poorer in humus
(brown, chestnut, etc.)
Chernozem 
zone
Zone of  chestnut and 
brown soils
Non-solonetzized
<5
<3
<5
-
-
Weakly solonetzized
5-10
3-5
5-10
<10
<5
Medium solonetzized
10-15
5-10
10-25
10-15
5-10
Strongly solonetzised
15-20
10-15
>25
15-30
10-15
Table А.6. An approximate composition of exchangeable bases in zonal (non-saline) soils
Soils
Exchangeable bases composition, % of  their sum
The sum of  exchangeable bases, 
mmol (eq.)/100 g of  soil
Ca
2+
Mg
2+
Na
+
Greyzem on loess-like loam
60-80
10-35
4-10
7-11
Chestnut soil on loam
68-75
20,-30
3-5
20-22
Chernozem on loam
75-80
15-20
2-3
35-45
In Ukraine, the degree of  solonetzization, including secondary solonetzization, is determined on 
the basis of  the following criteria: the sum of  exchangeable sodium and potassium expressed as the 
% of  the cation exchange capacity and thermodynamic parameters (aNa / √aCa, pNa-0,5pCa) in 
the soil solution. Four grades of  secondary soil solonetzization are distinguished: non- solonetzized, 
weakly solonetzized, medium solonetzised and strongly solonetzized (Table A.7).

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Soil salinity manаgement manual | Part II.Tutorial examples, guidelines and exercises