The present simple tense

for doimo bosh gapdan keying ergash gap boshida ishlatiladi.

e.g. The citizens of London were upset, for a new factory was to be built near their town.

Attention:

Sabab ergash gap tarkibida keluvchi as, since bog’lovchilarini payt ergash gap tarkibida keluvchi as va since ga solishtiring va ularni bir biridan farqlang.

T o’ s i q s i z ergash gaplar

(Adverbal clauses of consession)

Bog’lovchilarii:

For

Though

Although-

Even though-

though

however

Despite-

In spite of-

But

While/ whereas

Yet-still

Nevertheless

On the other hand

1.

Though + S +kesim Athough + it was raining, we played football. Even though +

Even though faqatgina ma’no kuchaytirishda farqlanadi.

Though ikkinchi sodda gap oxirida kelib, birinchi gapga bog’lanadi. Tarjimasi shunga qaramasdan.

Although/Even though/Though it was summer, it was chilly.

It was chilly although/even though/though it was summer.

Attention: Bundan tashqari though ikkinchi gap oxiridada kelib, birinchi va ikkinchi gaplarni bir- biri bilan bog’laydi, Grammatik ishlatilishiga e’tibor qarating.

It was summer. It was chilly, though.

It rained hard yesterday. We played football, though.

♦ in spite of/despite + noun/-v1ing form

Jasurbek played football despite his broken leg

Ann went for a walk despite raining very hard.

♦ In spite of/despite the fact that + S +verb

e.g. In spite of/Despite the fact that he graduated the university, he couldn't get a job.

♦ however/nevertheless ikkinchi gap boshida(albatta vergul bilan) birinchi gapga bog’lanadi. ( shunga qaramasdan)

e.g. The man fell off the ladder.(;/,) However/Nevertheless, he wasn't hurt.

♦ while/whereas ikki shaxsning xar – xil yo’nalishdagi holatlari,qiziqishlar va xarakatlarini ko’rsatishda foydalinaladi.(esa)

e.g. She is tall, while/whereas her brother is rather short.

I like New York while Tom likes London. =men New York ni yoqtiraman, tom esa London ni.

Note:bir xillikdagi qarama – qarshi fikrlash… but bilan

I like New York but Tom doesn’t like it.

♦ yet (rasmiy)/still

e.g. The fire was widespread, yet no property was damaged.

My car is old. Still, it is in very good condition.

♦ on the other hand - bilan berilayotgan ma’lumotga zid bo’lgan 2 – bir ma’lumotni berishda foydalanamiz. Yordamchi fe’llarni ishlatilishiga e’tibor qarating.

e.g. Cars aren't environmentally friendly.

On the other hand, bicycles are. /Bicycles, on the other hand, are.

Velosipedlar esa bunday emas.