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61
Chapter 3
DOMINATION
How far will you go?
In which dopamine drives us to overcome complexity, adversity,
emotion, and pain so we can control our environment.
PLANNING AND CALCULATION
Just wanting rarely gets you much of anything. You have to figure out
how to obtain it, and whether it is worth having at all. In fact, when we
do things without thinking about how and what next, failure is not even
the worst possible outcome. The results can range from a little overeat-
ing all the way to reckless gambling, drug abuse, and worse.
Desire dopamine makes us want things. It is the source of raw
desire: give me more. But we’re not at the ungoverned mercy of our desire.
We also have a complementary dopamine circuit that calculates what
Impulse without reason is not enough, and reason without impulse is a poor makeshift.
—William James
One cool judgment is worth a dozen hasty councils.
—Woodrow Wilson
62
THE MOLECULE OF MORE
sort of more is worth having. It gives us the ability to construct plans—to
strategize and dominate the world around us to get the things we want.
How does a single chemical do both things? Think of rocket fuel that
powers the main engines of a spaceship. The same fuel that pushes
the rocket forward can be redirected to drive directional thrusters to
steer the ship, as well as retrorockets to slow it down. It all depends on
the path the fuel takes before it’s ignited—different functions, but all
working together to get the spaceship to its destination. In a similar way,
dopamine moving through different brain circuits yields different func-
tions, too, and toward a common end: a relentless focus on enhancing
the future.
Urges come from dopamine passing through the mesolimbic
circuit , which we call the dopamine desire circuit. Calculation and
planning—the means of dominating situations—come from the meso-
cortical circuit , which we will call the dopamine control circuit (Figure
3). Why call it the control circuit? Because its purpose is to manage the
uncontrolled urges of desire dopamine, to take that raw energy and
guide it toward profitable ends. Also, by using abstract concepts and
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