Splits and Crossroads
Human beings are messy and imperfect. There is no such thing as a
perfectly infinite-minded leader and there is certainly no such thing
as a perfectly infinite-minded organization. In reality, even the most
infinitely focused companies can stray onto a finite path. And when
that happens, it takes the Courage to Lead to recognize that the
organization has strayed from its Cause and it takes courage of
leadership to get back on course.
This is sadly common once an organization has achieved great
success. Whereas the infinite-minded player sees that they are still
at the tip of the iceberg no matter how much traditional success
they enjoy, the finite player will often transition into playing
defense to guard their pole position. It takes Courageous Leadership
to stay in the Infinite Game after you arrive at the top. To recognize
that, regardless of how much success has been achieved, the Cause
is infinite. Unfortunately, the temptation to convert to finite is so,
so tempting.
There was a period, for example, when the Disney corporation
strayed from its infinite Cause to chase more finite pursuits like
global domination, enhanced shareholder value and the enrichment
of those who chose to enable it. In 1993, Disney bought Miramax
Films, which went on to produce such family-friendly movies as
Quentin Tarantino’s crime flick Pulp Fiction; Danny Boyle’s black
comedy about Scottish heroin addicts, Trainspotting; and a
rereleased edit of Francis Ford Coppola’s surreal ride into the
Vietnam War, Apocalypse Now Redux. Under Disney’s record label
Hollywood Records, we were able to enjoy such family-friendly acts
as the hard-core punk band Suicide Machines and heavy metal band
World War III.
Whenever a new CEO takes over, that new leader will stand at a
crossroads. How will they lead? When Mike Duke and Steve
Ballmer took the helms at Walmart and Microsoft, respectively,
both made the choice to lead their companies down a finite path.
Had the companies stayed on these paths, they may have been
forced to drop out of the game altogether. The CEOs who replaced
them, Doug McMillon at Walmart and Satya Nadella at Microsoft,
also made a choice—to do what they needed to do to put their
respective companies back on the infinite path. And though they
still face many challenges, both seem genuinely committed to
leading a Cause, not just running a company.
Major events, like an IPO or change in leadership, can force an
organization to choose one path over the other too. However, there
need not be a specific event to cause an organization to veer from
the infinite path to a finite one. Such veerings or splits off the
infinite path are actually quite normal. People stray from their own
paths all the time. We often stray from a healthy routine or fall off
other healthy bandwagons. As companies are run by people, it
would be expected that these things will happen. What causes an
organization to stray off course is often quite consistent. It occurs
when leaders become more interested in their own finite pursuits
than the Infinite Game and drag the organization along with them.
Organizations will also find themselves at a crossroads when
their leaders start to believe their own myths—that the success the
company enjoyed under their leadership was a result of their genius
rather than the genius of their people, who were inspired by the
Cause they were leading. These leaders too often fixate on
advancing their own fame, fortunes, glory and legacies at the
expense of the company and its Cause. Management becomes
disconnected from the people and trust breaks down. And when
performance necessarily starts to suffer as a result, these same
leaders are quicker to blame others than to look at what set the
company on the new path in the first place. In order to “fix” the
problem, their faith in the people is replaced with faith in the
process. The company becomes more rigid and decision-making
powers are often taken away from the front lines. It can’t be a good
thing when the captain of the ship, who is supposed to be on deck
navigating toward the horizon, is now in the ship tinkering with the
engine trying to make it go faster.
Facebook was an infinite player that now seems to be moving
down a more finite path. Founded in 2004, Facebook came to life
with a well-articulated Cause to “give people the power to build
community and bring the world closer together.” Today, however, it
finds itself embroiled in scandals that do anything but “bring the
world closer together.” Facebook has been accused of violating their
users’ privacy, tracking our habits online (even when we’re not on
Facebook), failing to adequately police fake accounts or fake news
disseminated across their service, then using all the data they
collect either to sell or to maximize the dollars they can earn from
selling advertising. I doubt this is what Mark Zuckerberg meant by
“giving people power.” Has Facebook veered from their once
inspiring infinite path because of the overwhelming pressure their
leaders feel to answer to Wall Street’s finite expectations? Is it
because they are doubling down on a business model driven by
selling advertising instead of making an Existential Flex to reshape
the entire company? Is it because their leaders have lost connection
with their Just Cause and who they need to be primarily serving in
order to keep the game in play? Is it hubris? Today, when Facebook
does right by the people, it is too often a result of public pressure or
scandal and rarely a proactive decision made to protect those they
serve and advance their Cause. Facebook reacted to the scandal that
erupted around Cambridge Analytica, for example, only after there
was a scandal, even though they were aware of Cambridge
Analytica’s unethical practices before we found out about it.
Regardless of what combination of things led Facebook down this
path, there is no getting around the fact that they are acting with a
more finite mindset than in the past. Being big and rich does not
mean the company can’t fail. Though money certainly helps delay
the inevitable in this never-ending game. It also provides the
runway for leaders to get things back on track. The only question is
whether they will or not. With a little Courage to Lead they can
renew the trust of the people who helped champion their success
before it’s too late.
As companies like Microsoft, Walmart and Disney show,
companies can afford to veer off course for a while. They will still
face the challenge of finding their way back to the infinite path that
they once all started down. Though some can bear the cost of
splitting for longer, money eventually runs out. Not every
organization can afford to veer off the infinite path for as long.
Regardless of the size of the company, the elements of infinite-
minded leadership that I’ve tried to make a case for in this book are
the best way to help stay on that infinite journey. Playing the
Infinite Game is not a checklist, it’s a mindset.
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