G. Varying Responses to the Messiah (11:2–30)
The tight organization which has characterized Matthew’s story so far, notably in
the two great collections of the words and deeds of the Messiah in chs. 5–7 and
8–9 respectively and in the equally carefully compiled anthology of sayings on
mission and persecution in ch. 10, now becomes less easy to discern in terms of
major sections. The next prominent collection is the third discourse in ch. 13. In
the two chapters which lead up to that we find a variety of narrative and dialogue
sections. not so clearly structured as a whole, but together serving to provide the
background to the discussion in ch. 13 of what happens when the kingdom of
God is proclaimed. The parables which make up that discourse will speak of
divided responses to the word of God, and of the problems of discerning the
reality of God’s kingship in a world where it is not yet universally
acknowledged. So in chs. 11–12 we shall be introduced to a variety of people
who are responding in different ways to what they are seeing and hearing,
different ways of reacting to the coming of the Messiah.¹ There are the wholly
positive portraits of the “children” who have been given the ability to discern the
truth (11:25–27) and of Jesus’ true family who do the will of God (12:46–50).
There is the puzzled John the Baptist, wanting to believe but still unsure (11:2–
6), and of whom Jesus speaks in warm and yet slightly guarded terms (11:7–19).
But there are also the local towns which have rejected Jesus’ appeal (11:20–24),
and in ch. 12 we read a succession of stories which illustrate the growing
opposition to Jesus from the religious authorities, including not only the cynical
demand for an authenticating sign (12:38–42) and the very threatening
accusation that Jesus is in league with the devil (12:22–32) but also the
beginning of an explicit threat to Jesus’ life (12:14). These confrontations give
rise to some uncompromisingly polemical sayings from Jesus, so that by the end
of ch. 12 we are well prepared to think about the varying fates which may befall
the good seed, including its total eradication by the evil one (13:19). There is
thus in these two chapters a clear narrative development towards what is to
follow, even though they do not have the overall structural sophistication of chs.
5–10. In chs. 14–16 we shall again be shown a variety of further responses to
Jesus, until the climax of the Galilean ministry is reached in 16:16 when Peter at
last utters the true estimate of Jesus toward which even his warmest supporters
have hitherto been feeling their way.
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