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IRC (INTERNET RELAY CHAT)



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100 Innovation from Finland English version

88 IRC (INTERNET RELAY CHAT)
IRC was born in August 1988 in the Department of Information Processing Science in the University of Oulu. I 
was starting my third year as a student in the Department of Electrical Engineering and was a summer trainee in 
the Department of Information Processing Science. My instructor Heikki Putkonen made me the administrator of 
OuluBox, a BBS system which was free for anyone to use through a modem or via the university computer 
network. Discussions could be held with other OuluBox users by leaving messages for others to read, and, as it 
could be accessed through the university network, it was possible to have scores of simultaneous users. 
I originally developed IRC as a solution for OuluBox’s real-time discussion needs. IRC was influenced by an 
mut (Multi-User Talk) programme that had been developed by Jukka Pihl and was used for a short time as 
OuluBox’s realtime chat programme before IRC superseded it. IRC was a distributed system from the start, so 
multiple IRC servers have always been able to form a common IRC network. Each user connects to a server, 
and the servers relay the messages from one user to another. The IRC network therefore consists of several 
equal servers. This real distributability and lack of central control is probably the most important technical 
reason for IRC’s popularity; it was the deciding factor when IRC was compared at the time with several other 
Internet chat programmes. 
IRC spread within Finland first; Helsinki University of Technology, Tampere University of Technology, the 
University of Jyväskylä and the Technical University of Tampere were the first IRC server locations after Oulu. 
Servers from the University of Denver and Oregon State University were the first non-Finnish servers to join 
the IRC network, which then spread quickly to every continent. Tens of people were now actively participating in 
IRC development following Open Source software development principles. 
At first many universities and departments, including the Department of Electrical Engineering in the 
University of Oulu, prohibited the use of IRC due to the fact that users tied up computer terminals for hours on 
end, keeping other students from their programming assignments. 
In 1991 ordinary people from e.g. Israel were using IRC to send reports about the first Gulf War to every 
corner of the globe. 
IRC has had an effect to the personal lives of tens of thousands of people the world over. Many have found 
their partners through IRC and numerous minorities (e.g. sexual, political, social) have formed societies to allow 
members to discuss things freely with other like-minded people. 
Nowadays there are hundreds of local and worldwide IRC networks, and the number of users is counted in 
millions. 
Jarkko Oikarinen 
– Ph.D. 

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