The chemist’s you can see a large hall and two departments in it: one for reception of prescriptions and delivery of drugs. It is called a prescription department

Answer the questions:

1. 
   What is the population of Washington?
   
2. 
   Who was the first President of the USA?
   
3. 
   What interesting places are there in the city?
   
4. 
   What is the Capitol?
   
5. 
   What do you know about the White House?
   
6. 
   What is Pentagon?
   

THE COMMON FORMS OF DRUGS
Most of the drugs commonly dispensed fail into three categories:
1) solids, 2) semisolids and 3) liquids. It is up to the physician to decide
upon the precise form in which his medication is to be administered.
Since the ideal prescription is «tailormade» to fit the exigencies of the
individual case, several facts must be taken into consideration. If the
patients cannot swallow tablets (especially true of small children) he,
must always receive medication in a liquid form. Sometimes multiple
diseases complicate the picture too. For instance, a patient with a chronic
peptic ulcer might not tolerate a cough syrup containing the irritating
ammonium chloride.
If medicine is taken incorrectly, it may actually cause harm. As a rule,
the prescription contains information about dosage and doses, time for
taking it and the way of taking. But some patients, do not always strictly
follow the prescribed instructions. To protect patients from possible harm
basic suggestions are given.
1. Many medicines taken after a meal can completely lose their effect
or their effect decreases by their interaction with food in the stomach and
intestinal tract. Hence pharmacological therapy follows this general rule:
medicines having an organic structure should be taken one-half hour to
one hour before meal-time.
2. Non-acid-resisting antibiotics, such as ampicillin, erythromycin,
penicillin and other medicines should not be taken with acidic juices or
drirlks containing alcohol.
3. Alcohol has a very negative influence on the effect of medicines. It
intensifies the effect of histamines, barbiturates and tricyclic antidepressants.
Alcohol increases the toxicity of barbiturates by more than 50%.
AVICENNA
Avicenna is the greatest philosopher and a physician in the East
He was born in 979 in the province of Bukhara in a family connected
with public service.
At the age of 10 Avicenna was well acquainted with Koran and Arabic
classics. During the next six years he acquired a knowledge of philosophy,
mathematics, astronomy and medicine.
At 17 his medical knowledge enabled him to cure the Samani ruler
Nuh ibn Mansur from dangerous iilness. His chief reward was an access
to the royal library.
With the ending of the Samanid in 1004(von saznt four) Avicenna spent a short time
In the service of the ruler of Kharazm or Khiva. When the ruler of Isfahan
captured Hamadan in 1024(ten tventy four) Avicenna passed his service as a physician
and general literary and scientific adviser.
While marching with the army in a campaign against Hamadan he
was seized with severe colic and died in June 1037, at the age of 58.
About 100 treatises are ascribed to Avicenna and the most famous of
these was his «Canon of Medicine». This book was based on the Greek
medical works and was long used as a text-book.
«The Canon of Medicine» includes five books. The first and second
describe physiology, pathology and hygiene. The third and fourth deal
with the methods of treating diseases. The fifth describes the composition
and preparation of remedies and includes Avicenna’s personal observations.
Ibn Sina made a great contribution to pharmacology.
«The Canon of Medicines» describes about 2000 medicines. Of the
2000150 are included into our Pharmacopoeia.