Analysis
The augmenting path algorithm above eventually converges on the the optimal
solution. However, each augmenting path may add only a little to the total flow,
so, in principle, the algorithm might take an arbitrarily long time to converge.
However, Edmonds and Karp
[EK72
] proved that always selecting a shortest
unweighted augmenting path guarantees that O(n
3
) augmentations suffice for op-
timization. In fact, the Edmonds-Karp algorithm is what is implemented above,
since a breadth-first search from the source is used to find the next augmenting
path.
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