sists in the fact that it has recognized as really existing only that which exists
objectively (as it understands it)
and has begun to deny
even the existence
of all the
rest.
What then is objectivity?
We may define it in this way: owing to the properties of
our
perception or owing to
the
conditions
under which our mind works, we
segregate a small number of facts
into
a definite group. This group of facts represents the objective world
and is accessible to
scientific study. But this group does not by any means represent
EVERYTHING
EXISTING.
Extension in space and extension in time is the first condition of objective existence.
But the forms of the extension of a thing in space and its existence in time are created
by the subject perceiving the thing, and do not belong to the thing itself.
Matter
is first
of all
three-dimensional.
Three-dimensionality is the form of our perception.
Matter of
four dimensions
would mean a change in the form of our perception.
Materiality means the conditions of existence in time and space, i.e. conditions of
existence under which
'
two identical
phenomena cannot take place at the same time and
in the same place'. This is an exhaustive definition of materiality. It is clear that in the
conditions known to us, two identical phenomena taking place at the same time and in
the same place would constitute one phenomenon. But this is obligatory only for the
conditions of existence we know, i.e. for such matter as we perceive. For the universe
this is not at all obligatory. We constantly observe in practice conditions of materiality
in those cases in which we have to create a sequence of phenomena in our life or are
forced to make a
selection,
for our matter does not allow of more than a certain definite
number of phenomena to be contained in a definite interval of time. The need for
selection
is perhaps the chief
visible
sign of materiality. Outside of matter the necessity
of selection
disappears, and if we can imagine a being, capable of feeling, living
outside the conditions of materiality, such a being will be able to possess
simultaneously things which, from our point of view, are incompatible, conflicting and
mutually exclusive; he will be able to be in several places at once; to assume different
aspects; to perform at the same time contradictory and mutually exclusive actions.
In speaking of matter it is necessary always to remember that matter is not a
substance but merely a condition. For example, a man is blind. It is impossible to
regard blindness as a substance. It is a condition of the existence of the given man.
Matter is a kind of blindness.
Objective knowledge can grow indefinitely with the perfection of apparatuses and
methods of observation and investigation. The only thing it
cannot step over is - the
limits of the three-dimensional sphere, i.e. the conditions of space and time, because it
is created in those conditions, and the conditions of existence of the three-dimensional
world constitute its own conditions of existence. Objectively, knowledge will be always
subject
to these conditions, because otherwise it would cease to exist. No apparatus, no
machine will ever overcome these conditions, for if they do overcome them, by this
very fact they will, first of all, eliminate themselves. Only
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