Telecommunications & The Internet Basic Telecom Model

Common Bandwidths

• 56K modem 0.056 Mbps
• ADSL 40 Mbps
• Cable Modem 50 Mbps
• T1 1.5 Mbps
• Ethernet 10 to 1,000 Mbps
• T3 44.7 Mbps
• See http://bandwidthplace.com/

Upper Tier Bandwidths OC-x mulitples of 51.85 Mbps

• OC-3 155 Mbps
• OC-12 622 Mbps
• OC-48 2,488 Mbps
• OC-96 4,977 Mbps
• OC-192 9,953 Mbps
• OC-768 39,812 Mbps

Organization Benefits of Internet

• Reducing Communication Costs
• virtual private net
• Enhancing Communication and Coordination
• Accelerating the Distribution of Knowledge
• Facilitating Electronic Commerce

Intranets

• An internal network based on World Wide Web technology
• Firewall
• security software to prevent unauthorized access to an intranet
• Firebreak
• a physical break between the Internet and Intranet

Internet Challenges

• Security
• Technology Problems
• incompatibility
• limited bandwidth
• telecommunications infrastructure
• internet specialists
• Legal Issues

IP Addresses

• An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP address of the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. For example, 1.160.10.240 could be an IP address.

IP Address Classes

• Class A - 168.212.226.204
• supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks
• Class B - 168.212.226.204
• supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks
• NDUS has two Class B addresses
• 134.129.xxx.xxx Eastern ND
• 134.234.xxx.xxx Western ND
• Class C - 168.212.226.204
• supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks