Technology based grammar instruction



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Technology based grammar instruction

Pre-test Scores 
Student 
Number 
Pre-test Score 
(%) 
Pre-test Score 
(#) 

40 


65 
13 

40 


30 


50 
10 

40 


60 
12 

65 
13 

40 

10 
30 

11 
45 

Average 
45 

Note: 
Overall, students did not have a strong understanding of the topic.
As the table shows, the average pre-test score was 45%, which was 9/20 
questions correct. None of the students had reached proficiency (70%) on the 
pre-test. 
After completing the unit, the students completed a 20 question post-test 
which tested the same concepts just using different sentence examples, which 
they again completed using paper and pencil. Table 2 shows how each student 
performed on the post-test:


30 
Table 2 
Post-test Scores
Student 
Number 
Post-test Score 
(%) 
Post-test Score 
(#) 

55 
11 

75 
15 

50 
10 

50 
10 

85 
17 

50 
10 

85 
17 

80 
16 

55 
11 
10 
60 
12 
11 
90 
18 
Average 
65 
13 
Note: 
Many students were still not proficient.
As the table shows, the average post-test score was 65%, which was 13/20 
questions correct. Only 5 of the students had reached proficiency (70%) by the 
post-test. 
Even after three weeks of discussion and practice worksheets over active 
and passive voice, the control group students did not show much overall 
improvement. Table 3 shows how much each student improved:


31 
Table 3 
Improvement from pre- to post-test 
Student 
Number 
Improvement 
(%) 
Improvement 
(#) 

15 


10 


10 


20 


35 


10 


25 


15 


15 

10 
30 

11 
45 

Average 
21 

Note: 
Not much improvement was shown.
The average amount of improvement was only 21% or 4/20 questions. The 
highest that any student improved was 45%, or 9/20 more questions answered 
correctly on the post-test.
Shown below in Tables 4 and 5 are the different statistical tests that were 
run on the data. As the Paired Samples Correlations show, there was a strong 
correlation of .702 when comparing pre-test scores to post-test scores, which 
shows that the students improved their scores after experiencing the traditional 
instruction. As the paired samples test shows, the mean improvement was about 


32 
4 (raw score) from pre- to post test. The effect size of the instruction was 
approximately one and one-third of the standard deviation. The significance of 
<.001 shows that there was a significant change from the pre-test to the post-
test.
Table 4 
Paired Samples Statistics 
Mean 

Std. Deviation 
Std. Error 
Mean 
Pre-test Score 
(#) 
9.18 
11 
2.523 
.761 
Post-test Score 
(#) 
13.36 
11 
3.233 
.975 
Table 5 

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