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INTRODUCTION
President of our country Shavkat Mirziyoyev held a meeting devoted to the issues of reforming the sphere of education, further development of the system of professional education and improvement of test tests for admission to higher education institutions. In our country, from the first years of independence to the level of state policy, the issues of the development of the education system has been raised, a great deal is being done to educate the younger generation with modern knowledge and professions in accordance with world standards, the formation of physically healthy and spiritually mature individuals, to promote the realization of their talents and potential, education of youth in the spirit of love and devotion to the Motherland .The Decree of the of the President of our country “On the Strategy of Actions for Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan” of February 7,2017 defines the tasks for the development of the social sphere, in particular, the sphere of education and science .A program for the radical improvement of the system of higher education in 2017-2021 will be developed, work will be carried out to further improve the curricula, to gradually increase the autonomy of higher education institutions by expanding their powers in using additional source of funding and providing paid services.
English has four aspects and skills that must be known by the learners. The four aspects are spelling, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Meanwhile, the four skills namely listening, reading, writing and speaking. Those four aspects can develop the four skills in English. This research focuses on one of the aspects that can build the four skills in English. The aspect is known as vocabulary. There are some reasons that make vocabulary is important to be learned. First, it will be hard for the learners if they must study English with limited words in their mind. Thus, learning vocabulary can help the learners to enrich their words in English. If they know those words, they can express their thought through English but if they do not know words in English they cannot write, read, speak anything in English. Second, it is impossible to teach spelling, pronunciation and grammar for the beginners if they do not know the words first. Those reason make the writer can see how important to learn vocabulary for the EFL learners. Developing vocabulary will be great if it can be started from a young age. They are a great word learners. They have some special characteristics that can make them easier in learning vocabulary. Children cannot learn by themselves, they need a good teacher to facilitate them in learning.
Vocabulary, as one of the knowledge areas in language, plays a great role for learners in acquiring a language (Cameron, 2001). Harmon, Wood and Keser,(2009) as well as Linse (2005) state that learners’ vocabulary development is an important aspect of their language development. Although it has been neglected for a long time, researchers have increasingly been turning their attention to vocabulary e.g. Carter and McCarthy, Haynes and Coady,Schmitt, Notion. Vocabulary knowledge is often viewed as a critical tool for second languages learners because a limited vocabulary in a second language impedes successful communication. Underscoring the importance of vocabulary acquisition, Schmitt(2000) emphasizes that “lexical knowledge is central to communicative competence and to acquisition of a second language”. Nation (2001) further describes the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and language use as complementary: knowledge of vocabulary enables language use and, conversely, language use leads to an increase in vocabulary knowledge. Researchers such as Maximo(2000), Read(2000), Gu(2003), Marion(2008) and Nation(2011) and others have realized that the acquisition of vocabulary is essential for successful second language use .Vocabulary learning can serve as a stepping stone to learning and using grammar .The chapter begins with an overview of vocabulary development. The second chapter part of the chapter covers the many different aspects of vocabulary knowledge involved in learning words, and sets out principles for teaching .The third chapter applies these different aspects and make links between them. The final section of the chapter draws on methods research to consider how children can be helped to develop their autonomy as self-directed vocabulary learners.
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