Sweden Finland Austria

Partly
Partly
Partly
No
3)
Additional public pension scheme
Existence
Yes
Yes
Yes
None
4)
Eligible groups
Employees
Employees and
Employees and
self-employed
self-employed
Pension dependent on
Only on
work history and income 
work history
Yes
Yes
1)
The age 60 is for women, 65 is for men. It will be increased to 65 for women over 10 years starting in
2010 in GB. In Austria the pension age will also be increased to 65 years for women (from 2018 to 2033).
2)
In Great Britain the basic system is for people who have been working. There are non contribution based
pensions for special groups, e.g. persons over 80 years who are not entitled to the basic pension.
3)
There is no minimum pension in Austria, but a 
safeguard' which has all the characteristics of social
assistance, including means testing.
4)
The Swedish government has decided on a new pension system to replace the existing one. 
A gradual implementation will take place from 2001.
5)
The Canadian Additional pension Scheme CPP allows flexible retirement between 60 and 70 years of
age.
Comments on table 2.11
The formal retirement age is not a good indicator for when retirement actually takes place,
but it is an important signal. Great Britain has decided to increase the retirement age for
women from 60 to 65 years over 10 years starting in 2010. The same will take place in
Austria from 2018 to 2033. The German reforms, cf. the following, will result in a higher
actual retirement age. That is also the aim of the recent Swedish pension reform, which

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47
Table 2.11.
Continued.
D
NL
GB
CAN
Basic public pension scheme
Formal pension age
65
65
60/65
65
1)
Flexible retirement
Yes
No
Only post-
No
ponement
Eligible groups
Employees,
All
Employees, 
All
Some self-empl.
Self-employed
Pension dependent on 
work history and income
Yes
No
Yes
No
2)
Pension dependent on 
marital status
No
Yes
No
Yes
Means testing
No
No
No