Submission of Proposal under Star College Scheme

Operating Instructions

1. 
   Plug^-in the cable to electric main and switch on the instrument.
   
2. 
   Allow the instrument to warm up for 15 minutes.
   
3. 
   The display shows:
   

Operating mode
1. Single wavelength 2. Multi wavelength 3.Scan 4. Time scan

4. 
   Select the required mode, say single wavelength by pressing 1.
   
5. 
   Feed the desired wavelength, say 440 and press the ENTERkey.
   
6. 
   This gives the following display:
   

1. ABS 2. % T 3.Conc.
Select the required output, say ABS by pressing 1.
7. This gives the chosen desired display. If correct press ENTER. (Else press BACKto go to step 3).
8. Wait for the display: PUT REFERENCE
9. Then place the cuvette containing blank solution in the path of the light beam & then press ENTER.
10.Wait for the display: PUT SAMPLE
11.Then place the cuvette containing standard solution in the path of the light beam and then press ENTER.
12.Record the absorbance reading.
13.Press ENTERand wait for the display: PUT SAMPLE
14.Replace the standard solution by another standard solution and press ENTERtorecord the reading.
15.Repeat steps 13 & 14 to record the absorbance of remaining solutions.
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Preparation of 1 N Solution of various chemicals

Name	Weight / Volume
Acetic acid	57 cm^3 CH3COOH in one liter water
Ammonium hydroxide	67 cm^3 NH4OH in one liter water
Ferrous ammonium sulphate	392 gm FAS + conc. H2SO4 in one liter water
Ferrous sulphate	278 gm FeSO4 in one liter water
Hydrochloric acid	100 cm^3 HCl in one liter water
Iodine	127 gm I2 + 200 gm KI in one liter water
Nitric acid	62 cm^3HNO3 in one liter water
Oxalic acid	63 gm H2C2O4 in one liter water
Potassim carbonate	63 gm K2CO3 in one liter water
Potassium dichromate	49 gm K2Cr2O7 in one liter water
Potassium hydroxide	56 gm KOH in one liter water
Potassium iodide	166 gm KI in one liter water
Potassium oxalate	92 gm K2C2O4 in one liter water
Potassium permangnate	32 gm KMnO4 in one liter water
Sodium bicarbonate	84 gm NaHCO3 in one liter water
Sodium carbonate	53 gm Na2CO3 in one liter water
Sodium hydroxide	40 gm NaOH in one liter water
Sodium thiosulphate	248 gm Na2S2O3 in one liter water
Succinic acid	59 gm (CH2COOH)2 in one liter water
Sulphuric acid	28 cm^3 H2SO4 in one liter water

Preparation of various 0.1 N Solutions

Name	Weight / Volume
Acetic acid	5.7 cm^3 in one liter water
Ammonium hydroxide	6.7 cm^3 in one liter water
Ferrous ammonium sulphate	39.21 gm in one liter water
Hydrochloric acid	10 cm^3 in one liter water
Iodine	12.7 gm + 20 gm KI in one liter water
Nitric acid	6.2 cm^3 in one liter water
Oxalic acid	6.33 gm in one liter water
Potassium dichromate	4.93 gm in one liter water
Potassium hydroxide	5.6 gm in one liter water
Potassium iodide	16.8 gm in one liter water
Potassium permangnate	3.16 gm in one liter water
Silver nitrate	17 gm in one liter water
Sodium carbonate	5.3 gm in one liter water
Sodium chloride	5.85 gm in one liter water
Sodium hydroxide	4 gm in one liter water
Sodium thiosulphte	24.82 gm in one liter water
Succinic acid	5.9 gm in one liter water
Sulphuric acid	2.8 cm^3 in one liter water

MAIN TABLE REAGENT SOLUTION

Sr. NO.	Preparation of dilute solutions required for side shelf
1	Acetic acid CH3COOH 200 cm^3 of conc. Acitic acid dissolve in one liter water
2	Ammonium acetate CH3COONH4 40 gm of solid dissolve in one liter water
3	Ammonium chloride NH4Cl 100 gm of solid dissolve in one liter water
4	Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH 200 cm^3 of liquor ammonia in one liter water
5	Ammonium molybedate (NH4)2MoO2 Add mixture of 38 gm Ammonium molybedate and 25 gm Ammonium nitrate to 62 cm^3conc HNO3and make it one liter water.
6	Ammonium oxalate (NH4)2C2O4 20 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
7	Ammonium sulphide 200 cm^3 of ammonium hydroxide + 800 cm^3 water and pass H2S gas
8	Barium chloride BaCl2 31 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
9	Barium nitrate BaNO3 32 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
10	Calcium chloride CaCl 55 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water + 55 cm^3 conc.HCl
11	Cobalt nitrate CO(NO3)2 18 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
12	Copper sulphate CuSO4 31 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
13	Di sodium phosphate Na2HPO4 60 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
14	Ferric chloride FeCl3 50 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water + 10 cm^3 conc HCl
15	Hydrochloric acid HCl 800 cm^3 water + 200 cm^3 of conc. HCl
16	Iodine solution I2 25 gm of iodine crystal and 50 gm KI dissolve in one liter water
17	Lead acetate 70 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water + 10 cm^3 acetic acid
18	Mercuric chloride HgCl2 17 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water in case insoluble dissolve in HCl conc. 1.5%
19	Nitric acid HNO3 800 cm^3 water + 200 cm^3 of conc. HNO3
20	Potassium chromate K2CrO4 40 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
21	Potassium chromate K2Cr2O7 18 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
22	Sodium hydroxide NaOH 80 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water
23	Sulphuric acid H2SO4 900 cm^3 water + 100 cm^3 of conc. H2SO4

SIDE TABLE REAGENT SOLUTION

Sr. NO.	Reagents required for various tests
1	2:4 DNP 5 gm of 2:4 DNP dissolve in 50 cm^3conc. H2SO4 make up to one liter with methanol and filter if necessary.
2	Ammonium carbonate Dissolve 160 gm of ammonium carbonate in the mixture of 140 cm^3 of ammonia and 860 cm^3 of water
3	Ammonium nitrate 80 gm of solid dissolve in one liter water
4	Ammonium thiocynate 70 gm of solid dissolve in one liter water
5	Bromine in chloroform 2 cm^3 of liquid bromine in 98 cm^3 of chloroform
6	Bromine in potassium bromide 30 gm of bromine and 100 gm of KBr in one liter of water
7	Bromine water 30 gm of bromine and 100 gm of KBr in one liter of water
8	Calcium hydroxide 30 gm of solid dissolved in one liter water (use supernatant solution)
9	Carbon tetrachloride Carbon tetrachloride solution
10	Chlorine water Add conc. HCl from separating funnel to round bottom flask containing KMnO4 delivery tube pass the gas formed to distilled water
11	Chloroform Chloroform solution
12	Dimethyl glyoxime 1 gm of solid dissolved in 100 cm^3 of methanol / ethanol
13	Fehlings A 70 gm of copper sulphate dissolved in one liter water. Add dil H2SO4 drops if necessary for clear solution
14	Fehlings B Add mixture of 350 gm of sodium potassium tartarate and 100 gm of NaOH to one liter water
15	Ferric chloride (Alcoholic) 44 gm of ferric chloride dissolved in one liter methyl alcohol
16