Submission No 17 s exualisation of children and young people organisation



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Submission 17 Australian Christian Lobby

Magazines 
Tween Magazines 
The word tween is a marketing term used to help define an audience. It is not a scientific or 
developmental term.
Kristen Harmeling, partner at Yankelovich Youth Monitor/Yankelovich Monitor, a New York marketing 
consultancy specializing in lifestyle trends and customer-targeting solutions, has argued that one 
marketer’s definition of a tween can differ slightly from another’s:
17
Rush, La Nauze, ‘Corporate Paedophilia’, Australia Institute, 2006. 
18
Ibid. para 2.3, p 11. 
19
Standing Committee, 
Reclaiming Public Space
, p 19. 
20
Standing Committee, 
Reclaiming Public Space
, p 87-88. 
21
Legal and Constitutional Affairs References Committee (June 2011), 
Review of the National Classification Scheme: 
achieving the right balance

http://www.aph.gov.au/Senate/committee/legcon ctte/classification board/report/report.pdf
, Executive Summary. 


12 
[A]n electronics marketer might characterize tweens as children between the ages of 
12 and 15, while a snack food company might classify 8-year-olds to 12-year-olds as 
tweens. 
On the whole, most marketers agree that tweens fall somewhere between 8 and 12 
years of age.
22
 
It is therefore important to define to which age range a magazine’s target audience belongs. 
The advent of the ‘tween’ magazine, is a relatively recent phenomenon in Australia, dating back only 
to 1996 when 
Barbie Magazine
first appeared, to be followed by 
Total Girl
in 2002 and 
Disney Girl
in 
2004. Whilst magazines for teenagers have been sold in Australia since the 1970s (
Dolly
), the advent 
of Barbie magazine was the first publication to appear in Australia that could be argued to be a 
children’s version of adult women’s magazines. 
These magazines are widely read by children and ‘tweens’ and contain a very significant amount of 
sexualising content such as beauty, fashion, celebrities (usually those famous primarily for their looks 
and often those who star in TV shows rated unsuitable for children), gossip, romances and crushes, 
particularly of very young girls (the target audience) on much older men (celebrities).
Differences between competing publications 
In a content analysis carried out in early 2006, the Australia Institute found that, ‘Over half the content 
of 
Barbie Magazine
and Total Girl
and close to half of 
Disney Girl
was sexualising material.
23
’ 
Another content analysis of four magazines performed in 2012 found a wide range between the 
different levels of sexualising content in such magazines. In a working paper, Kate Doyle looked at 
K‐
Zone

DMag, Little Angel
and 
Total Girl
, finding that anywhere between 0% - 21.8% of the articles were 
sexualised. 
Total Girl
was found to have the highest percentage of sexualising content (21.8%) whilst 
K‐Zone contained no sexualised material. 
DMag
and 
Little Angel
contained 2% and 13.5% 
respectively.
24
Total Girl 

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