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The aim of this course work is to identify and analyze the optimal ways of teaching vocabulary through physical activities to school pupils.
The main language material of the work has been gathered from some theoretical books, scientific articles, the internet resources which has been devoted to increasing vocabulary so that the evidence of the research results could be doubtless.
The theoretical and practical value of the paper lies in its applicability to teaching language methodology and practical English lessons. The present findings can be useful for teachers and specialists of the educational system and youth policy. Also, the research findings can be applied to work out and organize large-scale or local educational and social projects.
The structure of the work consists of the Introduction, 4 paragraphs, conclusion and references.
Scientific novelty : in particular, it is stated that activities which are directed to regulate the sphere of personal interests of young learners and motivates them for active participation in social processes; being interactive in the classroom, enhancing lexical skills ; also, such activities are aimed at the development of the social environment of the classroom and improvement in teaching English. This type of the practice-focused training contributes to successful learning process.
Teaching vocabulary and its purpose for school pupils
Brown says that teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instruction, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or to understand. Hornby states that teaching is giving instruction of knowledge, skill, lesson, living and others.
Teaching English to school-age children therefore is not merely a matter of setting them loose on a plethora of authentic language tasks in the classroom. To successfully teach children a language requires specific skills and intuitions that differ from those appropriate for adult teaching .
From definition above it can be concluded that teaching English vocabulary means facilitating students in learning vocabulary with the appropriate method based on their age in order to enhance them with sufficient vocabulary.
Vocabulary has been taught in every level study from elementary to advance. For Elementary School, teaching vocabulary is intended to make the students master the vocabularies given which are based on the curriculum. As foreign language, English sometimes make them get upset because of their limited vocabularies. Therefore, teaching vocabulary for Elementary students is a must in order to give them a basic knowledge.
In general, teachers of Elementary School do simple way in teaching vocabulary, giving the meaning of new words immediately to be memorized. Usually they use a textbook with some new vocabularies and automatically translate them for students. Even, they just give students some words in a piece of paper and ask them to memorize. In a fact, those are not appropriate way to teach vocabulary. Students will be passive and actually it is hard for them to memorize words without any context.
The English teacher in MI NU Manafiul Ulum Kudus seems do the same way as other teachers of Elementary School in common. The consequence, the students, especially the sixth students of MI NU Manafiul Ulum Kudus, is poor in vocabulary mastery. They have told the truth that they had not been taught enough vocabulary. On the other hand, too much time is spent for structure and reading comprehension. Actually intensity in teaching vocabulary is not a big deal. The most important is the use of appropriate technique in teaching vocabulary so that they have sufficient words as a starting point to learn English. Here, an English teacher plays an important role because she/he is the most influential person in the classroom. She/he has to create a desirable classroom climate to plan a variety of learning activities so that the students will enjoy the learning and easily absorb the material. She/he has to be able to apply various techniques in teaching English because the students at Elementary School like to learn something by doing. In this case, using appropriate and interesting instructional media and new techniques of teaching vocabulary is required.
Teaching vocabulary is really important as it is the foundation for students to know more about English vocabulary. When the students do not have enough words in their minds, it will be hard to go forward. They probably feel strange with the pronunciation and spelling at once. Therefore, teacher should give them an understanding about the purpose of learning English vocabulary.1
It is obvious that the purpose of teaching English vocabulary is introducing students with words that are used in high frequency. It begins from the simple words that students are interested in. Besides to attract their attention and interest, it will make the process of learning English vocabulary run smoothly. The students are willing to memorize words that are often used in language class. That’s why teacher must notice about learning vocabulary in and out of class.
As Elementary school students are young learners, teaching English vocabulary becomes a need. The aim is certainly to enhance the students in order to be able to learn English holistically in the next level. They should be enhanced with not only simple vocabulary but also the complex one. Traditionally, teachers give only simple words such as pen, table, door, etc. In a fact, such new words should not be presented in isolation. The teacher should provide the context. Of course, students will have more chance in understanding the new words and it will stimulate their brain to think over about the new words they have known.
Many researchers claimed that learners should initially be taught at least two thousand high frequency words. Later it seems to be the goal for second language learners. Meara in Celce-Murcia states that students who start to acquire language should learn large vocabularies because of two reasons:
The language has a small number of words that occur many times in most of material we see and a large number of words that occur only once o twice. Most learners expect to learn as much as possible a number of vocabularies, and it would be a mistake not to fulfill on the expectations. West in Celce-Murcia (2001) states that the famous list of high frequency words is the General Service List of English Words. It is claimed that knowing these words will enable someone to access about 80 percent of the words in any written text and thus stimulates motivation since the words acquired can be seen by learners to have a demonstrably quick return. However, it is based on old word counts and recently is being revised. Dealing with that case, it should be taken into account that learners have different need relates to vocabulary because of context. Learners in Indonesia perhaps need to know more about vocabularies related to rainy season than spring. In linked with curriculum of English as a foreign language that is taught in Elementary School, nowadays it is widely accepted that vocabulary teaching should be a part of the syllabus and taught in a well planned. The material for the sixth year students are cleaning the classroom, daily routine, parts of the body, objects in the classroom, etc. It can bee seen that students at that age still learn about things in their surrounding
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