282 Сила воли.
Как развить и укрепить
Эксперименты на людях:
Heath R. G. Electrical Self-Stimulation of
the Brain in Man // American Journal of Psychiatry. 1963. Vol. 120.
Pp. 571–577. См. также: Bishop M. P., Elder S. T., Heath R. G. Intracranial
Self-Stimulation in Man // Science. 1963. Vol. 140. Pp. 394–396.
Описание случая:
Heath R. G. Pleasure and Brain Activity in Man.
Deep and Surface Electroencephalograms During Orgasm // Journal
of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1972. Vol. 154. Pp. 3–18.
Дофамин вызывает желание:
Berridge K. C. Th
e Debate over
Dopamine’s Role in Reward: Th
e Case for Incentive Salience //
Psychopharmacology. 2007. Vol. 191. Pp. 391–431.
Удовольствие без дофамина:
Berridge K. C. «Liking» and «Wanting»
Food Rewards: Brain Substrates and Roles in Eating Disorders //
Physiology & Behavior. 2009. Vol. 97. Pp. 537–550.
Предвкушение награды:
Dissociation of Reward Anticipation and
Outcome with Event-Related fMRI / B. Knutson et al. // NeuroReport.
2001. Vol. 12. Pp. 3683–3687.
Выброс дофамина при видеоиграх:
Evidence for
Striatal Dopamine
Release During a Video Game / M. J. Koepp et al. // Nature. 1998.
Vol. 393. Pp. 266–268.
Смерть игрока:
S Korean Dies Aft er Games Session // BBC News.
2005. URL: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4137782.stm.
Клинические случаи при паркинсонизме:
Nirenberg M. J., Waters C.
Compulsive Eating and Weight Gain Related to Dopamine Agonist
Use // Movement Disorders. 2006. Vol. 21. Pp. 524–529. См. так-
же: Frequency of New-Onset Pathologic Compulsive Gambling
or Hypersexuality Aft er Drug Treatment of Idiopathic Parkinson
Disease / J. M. Bostwick et al. // Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2009.
Vol. 84. Pp. 310–316.
Сексуальные изображения и финансовые риски:
Nucleus Accumbens
Activation Mediates the Infl uence of Reward Cues on Financial Risk-
Taking / B. Knutson et al. // NeuroReport. 2008. Vol. 19. Pp. 509–513.
Мечты о лотерее и еда:
Hungry for Money: Th
e
Desire for Caloric
Resources Increases the Desire for Financial Resources and Vice Versa /
B. Briers et al. // Psychological Science. 2006. Vol. 17. Pp. 939–943.
Примечания
283
Дофамин и сиюминутное наслаждение:
Berridge K. C. Wanting
and Liking: Observations from the Neuroscience and Psychology
Laboratory // Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
2009. Vol. 52. Pp. 378–398.
Исследование дегустации продуктов:
Wadhwa M., Shiv B., Nowlis
S. M. A Bite to Whet the Reward Appetite: Th
e Infl uence
of Sampling
on Reward-Seeking Behaviors // Journal of Marketing Research. 2008.
Vol. 45. Pp. 403–413.
Телереклама провоцирует перекус:
Harris J. L., Bargh J. A., Brownell
K. D. Priming Eff ects of Television Food Advertising on
Eating
Behavior // Health Psychology. 2009. Vol. 28. Pp. 404–413.
Жребий:
Give Th
em Prizes, and Th
ey Will Come: Contingency
Management for Treatment of Alcohol Dependence / N. M. Petry et al. //
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2000. Vol. 68. Pp. 250–
257. См. также: Petry N. M. Contingency Management Treatments //
Th
e British Journal of Psychiatry. 2006. Vol. 198. Pp. 97–98.
Дофамин и стресс:
Dopamine Enhances Fast Excitatory Synaptic
Transmission in the Extended Amygdala by a Crf-R1-Dependent
Process / T. L. Kash et al. // Th
e Journal of Neuroscience. 2008. Vol. 28.
Pp. 13856–13865.
Шоколад вызывает стресс:
Subjective and
Physiological Reactivity to
Chocolate Images in High and Low Chocolate Cravers / S. Rodriguez
et al. // Biological Psychology. 2005. Vol. 70. Pp. 9–18.
Выдохшийся попкорн:
Wansink B., Kim J. Bad Popcorn in Big
Buckets: Portion Size Can Infl uence Intake as Much as Taste // Journal
of Nutrition Education and Behavior. Vol. 37. Pp. 242–245.
Проверка обещания награды:
A Preliminary Study of the Eff ects of a
Modifi ed Mindfulness Intervention on Binge Eating / B. W. Smith et al. //
Complementary Health Practice Review. 2006. Vol. 11. Pp. 133–143. См.
также: Pilot Study: Mindful Eating And Living (MEAL): Weight, Eating
Behavior, and Psychological Outcomes Associated with a Mindfulness-
Based Intervention for People with Obesity / J. Dalen et al. // Comple-
mentary Th
erapies in Medicine. 2010. Vol. 18. Pp. 260–264.
Наркоман теряет желание:
Anhedonia aft er a Selective Bilateral
Lesion of the Globus Pallidus / J. M. Miller et al. // Amercian Journal of
284 Сила воли. Как развить и укрепить
Psychiatry. 2006. Vol. 163. Pp. 786–788. Как и в прочих историях из
этой книги, вместо имени используется псевдоним.
Слабая активность системы подкрепления:
Reduced Capacity to
Sustain Positive Emotion in Major Depression Refl ects
Diminished
Maintenance of Fronto-Striatal Brain Activation / A. S. Heller et al. //
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2009. Vol. 106.
Pp. 22445–22450.
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