Scientific Facts on Water Resources


Impacts Action or mechanism



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Impacts
Action or mechanism
Sector
Pertinence

affects water delivery,
increases maintenance costs

reduces water resource value
and volume

increased costs

increased
pump/turbine wear

reduced water
supply usability for
certain purposes

additional treatment
for usability
required
Water supply
Lakes, rivers, reservoirs
as water supplies

diminished reservoir capacity

shortened power generation
lifecycle

higher maintenance, capital
costs.

dams trap sediment
carried downstream

increased
pump/turbine wear
Hydropower
Hydroelectric facilities

transported to and deposited
in, other areas

later release into the
environment.

become attached or
adsorbed to
sediment particles
Toxic chemicals
All waterways and their
ecosystems
Source: Adapted from Environment Canada (2005a), www.atl.ec.gc.ca/udo/mem.html
Note: Water transforms landscapes and moves large amounts of soil and fine-grained materials in the form of sediment.
Sediment is: 1) eroded from the landscape, 2) transported by river systems and eventually 3) deposited in a riverbed, wetland, lake, reservoir or
the ocean. Particles or fragments are eroded naturally by water, wind, glaciers, or plant and animal activities with geological (natural) erosion
taking place slowly over centuries or millennia. Human activity may accelerate the erosion. Material dislodged is transported when exposed to fluvial
erosion in streams and rivers. Deposition occurs as on flood plains, bars and islands in channels and deltas while considerable amounts end up in
lakes, reservoirs and deep river beds.
Source: UNESCO The United Nations World Water Development Report 2 [see http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/wwdr2/pdf/
wwdr2_ch_4.pdf]
Section 2: Changing Natural Systems,
Chapter 4, Part 2. Nature, Variability and Availability, p.134
page 18/19
Copyright © GreenFacts
http://www.greenfacts.org/



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