Scientific Collection «InterConf», (39): with the Proceedings of the 8th International Scientific and Practical Conference «Science and Practice: Implementation to Modern Society» (December 26-28, 2020) at Manchester, Great Britain

References: 
1. O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining Qarori: Chet tillarni o’rganish tizimini yanada 
takomillashtirish to’g’risida «Xalq so’zi» gazetasi, 11.12.2012 y., 240 (5660)-son. 
2. Speech of the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev. http://tashpmi.uz/en/all_news/521 
3. Anderson, R.1994. Role of the reader’s schema in comprehension, learning, and memory. In 
Rudell, rudell, and Singer,469 . 
4. Anderson,r., and P.D.Pearson.1988. A schema – theoretic view of basic process in reading 
comprehension. In Carell, Devine, and Eskey. 37 -55. 
5. Ausubel, d.1968. Educational psychology: A cognitive view. New York” Holt, Rinehart, and 
Winston. 
6. Bransford, J. 1994. Schema activation and schema acquisition: Comments on Richard C. 
Anderson’s remarks. In Rudell, Rudell, and Singer, 483. 
7. Grabe, W. 1988. Reassessing the term “interactive”. In Carell, Devine, and Eskey, 70. 
8. Nunan, D.1999. Second language teaching and learning. Boston: Heinle and Heinle, 201. 
9. Omaggio, M.A. 1993. Teaching language in context. Boston: Heinle and Heinle, 45. 
10. Samuels, S. J., and M.L. Kamil.1988. Models of the reading process. In Carell, Devine, and 
Eskey,22-36. 
11. Smith, F. 1994. Understanding reading. 5th ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2. 
12. Stanovich, K.E.1980. Toward an interactive – compensatory model of individual differences in 
the development of reading fluency. Research Reading Quarterly 16 (1): 32. 

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UDC 101.8.616.89 
Aizhan Baidildina 
Master of Philology, senior teacher at the Foreign philology department
Toraighyrov University, Republic of Kazakhstan 
MODERN APPROACHES TO STUDYING AUTISM WITHIN
PARENT - CHILD RELATIONS 
Nowadays Kazakhstan faces a rapid increase of children suffering autistic specter 
disorder. This fact results not only in objective widespread of this disorder among 
children but increase of a diagnostic quality as well. Highlighted tendency needs great 
attention to be paid to uninterrupted psychological and pedagogical support of such 
children. Family is considered as the most perspective and working resource of 
development and socializing people with developmental disorders. Significance of a 
family for a child is recognized by a scientific society. Besides, a child himself 
influences functional and psychological characteristics of a family, affecting its 
habilitating and rehabilitating potential. All above drive to the conclusion that 
relevance and importance of studying and giving support as psychological and 
pedagogical assistance to families raising children with autistic specter disorder 
become significant.
Scientific and pedagogical literature has a detailed analysis of such phenomenon 
as “autism”. It represents different theoretical and empirical research of psychological 
characteristics of children with such disorders, reveals peculiarities and problems of 
psychological and pedagogical support and correction work with this category of 
children.
Modern research of the autistic specter disorder issues provides a means that 
nuclear features of this kind of disorder are the following: autism itself, behavior 
stereotypes and communicative functions disorder. Autism manifests as an intention of
a child to “extreme” loneliness, emotional contact decrease of a child (a child faces 
difficulties to understand his emotions and emotions of other people, get eye-to-eye 

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contact, use gestures and mimics). A child has communication difficulties and 
problems in social development. Disorders are displayed in the way of mutism, 
echolalia, speech stamps, inappropriate usage of pronouns etc. you can also watch 
stereotypes, auto stimulation linked with pressured tendency to keep stability in 
everything: behavior, environment, feelings and interests. Children tend to have 
repetitive actions such as swinging, shaking something, hands waving, swirling, 
excitement of one topic in a conversation, drawing and games. 
In order to realize state guaranteed social, educational and other rights we see 
necessity to search for different resources helping children’s quickest socialization. 
There are different trends and types of therapy: ABA therapy, LEAP on the basis of 
ABA therapy, system of visual cards PECS, speech therapy, Denver model, TEACCH 
methodic etc. Specialists see effectiveness in different traditional and nontraditional art 
therapeutic technologies: fairy tale therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, dance and 
move therapy, doll therapy, sand therapy etc. Meanwhile, family and close 
environment of a child to a certain degree bring success and results to all the 
correctional therapy of a child with autistic disorder.
Fundamentals of psychological help to a family in organizing interrelation with 
an autistic child are developed In Kazakhstani and Russian research. In her research 
I.Karvasarskaya defines the fact that of having a new family stereotype, linked with 
relations codependency. It leads to traumatic changes in psychological state of child’s 
environment. It leads to deceleration of adaptation process nd influences the 
perspective of a child [1].
The results of Ye.Dorosheva’s research show that mothers raising children with 
autistic specter disorder are often diagnosed with the first phase of emotional burnout 
syndrome [2]. They lack tendency to disassociate them from autistic children. Such 
mothers tend to repression of bad thoughts, while evaluating problematic situations 
they accentuate their attention on positive aspects. They try to accept the situation as 
unavoidable. As a positive feature that assists to cope with stress she sees achievements 
of a child with autistic specter disorder, other healthy children in a family, social 

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support, communication with mothers who have children with autistic specter
disorder.
Ye.Krasilnikova defines parameters of family functioning that shows the level of 
constructive activity of parents. It should directed to rehabilitation of a child with 
autistic specter disorder. The author considers that correction work with a family 
should be aimed at increasing family cohesion, correction of an anxiety type of attitude 
to the illness of a child, high level of hyper protection, lack of emotional interference 
and weak father position, developing appropriate attitude of parents to intellectual 
defect of a child, increasing assurance of parents in overcoming this disease [3].
Another important factor to be taken into consideration when speaking about 
parent / child relation is rejection of a child. It often results due to increase of material 
security of a family (especially when mothers have a stable salary or in one-parent 
family). Mothers having more one child accept such a child more emotionally than 
mothers with two and more 2 children. In families where autistic child is the youngest 
mothers more often reject themselves and an ill child. It happens due to very tough 
stressful worries and inferiority complex as a mother. Mothers think that they fail in 
the sphere of maternity. Such a situation usually happens in one parent families.
Basic emotions autistic children’s parents bare are: sadness, guilt, shame, and 
sympathy to a child, inferiority complex. According to the researchers 60% mothers 
stay in a depressive condition, 90% face constant anxiety. 
Difficulties of parent / child relations become tougher due to intellectual speech 
problems of child – hyper attention, disturbance of understanding a speaker, figurative 
meaning of words and phrases, vocabulary decrease, specific peculiarities of mind. 
Modern research works of foreign and domestic science reveal factors that 
characterize peculiarities of families raising children with autistic specter disorder: 
violation of emotional sphere in family, personal issues due to chronic stress pressure, 
malfunctioning of a family, lack of rehabilitation mechanisms. Psychological and 
pedagogical support of a family and measures of psychological assistance should be 
taken into consideration when working with such families. 

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