International Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal
ISSN: 2091-573X
Vol. 1 Issue 1, June - 2021
www.sciencepublish.org
19
1) classified communication situations (contacts with officials, situations of social and everyday communication and social
interaction, situations of text activity, situations of communication within the socio-cultural context of the language being studied -
speech and social etiquette, etc., situations related to mastering the language of educational activities, situations of familiarization
with the culture of the people and country of the language being studied; situations of communication with native speakers of the
language being studied, involving additional learning in the process of interaction with them, - assistance, error correction, hint,
etc.);
2) the functions of the language and the most appropriate options for their implementation (search and receive information,
expression and clarification of attitudes, expression of doubt, pleasure, happiness, fear, etc.);
3) means of designating and transmitting general meanings (existence, space, time, quantity, quality, thinking, relation, indication);
4) means of transmitting specific meanings in thematic groups (personal identification, home and hearth, environment, daily life,
leisure and entertainment, travel, relationships with other people, health and care, education, shopping, food, service, attractions
and places of visit, language, weather);
5) samples of speech interaction (they relate to the most frequently encountered and usually used fixed types of interaction, for
example, in the process of making purchases and orders, searching for and receiving information, meeting people, walking around
the city, recognizing and naming the time, discussing, etc.);
6) the types of texts, auditory, printed and written materials that can be or become sources of information, and the skills
corresponding to their perception;
7) a list of materials, the knowledge of which involves mastering the language in a socio-cultural context (regional realities,
accepted patterns of communication, national traditions, rituals, habits, forms of expression of politeness, gestures, etc.);
8) a list of skills that the student must possess in order to compensate for the shortcomings in foreign language proficiency (in the
process of reading and auditory perception of foreign language speech, speaking and writing, in the process of interacting with a
native speaker or a more experienced interlocutor in the language);
9) a list of skills necessary for a foreign language learner in all types of speech activity, in working with various sources, in
independent work and self-assessment.
In teaching dialogic speech, such methodological techniques are used as communication within a certain context or consituation
(contextualized practice), composing a dialogue from disparate replicas (jump-led dialogue), filling and completing a dialogue
(dialogue completion), step-by-step composing a dialogue (discussion chains), including on the basis of a program or
communication scheme, composing dialogues based on reference signals (cued dialogues), as well as writing dialogues. A special
place in teaching dialogic speech is given to the use of role-playing games, including in the form of information exchange, based
on scenario development, in the form of establishing, maintaining and developing interpersonal relationships, as well as in the form
of various game techniques (pantomime and object actions, the use of photos and pictures, texts, newspaper clippings).
Considerable attention in this methodology is paid to modeling situations of communication on an inter-role basis (simulation),
methods of discussion communication, debating. The subject of special attention is the training of self-expression in the process of
foreign language communication. In this plan, it is proposed to use interviews, discussion techniques, narrative techniques, and
project methodology. The teaching of monologue speech is carried out mainly in the system of dialogic speech. It is aimed at a
monologue in a dialogue and is widely represented in all the forms and techniques of communication techniques listed above.
Recommendations for teaching writing and writing are focused on teaching foreign language learners purposeful and meaningful
communication activities in writing. At an early stage of learning, writing usually serves oral speech, but then the focus gradually
shifts towards writing samples that are whole and coherent texts. The whole difficulty of communication in writing is that the
author of a written statement or message does not have the opportunity to immediately make sure that the expression of his own
thoughts and communicative intentions is understandable. Typical in teaching writing and writing is the sequence of mastering
them in the form of a chain "text-sample-exercises - creative writing - feedback (assessment) - correction of errors". Writing and
written speech are considered as a process during which students practice thinking, planning, expressing thoughts, going through
and exploring various options for such a presentation, editing and correcting their own text. In practical training, it is recommended
to use such methodological techniques as writing sentences, short messages and descriptions, completing and supplementing texts
with the use of binders, composing a text using a dynamic table (flow-chart) based on a matrix that includes keywords, reference
phrases, etc.
In the process of moving towards free written speech, such techniques as collective writing of letters, exchange of letters, the so-
called "role-writing" (role-writing) are used. The latter involves writing a letter on a given topic or to a specific situation on behalf
of a character. The trainees introduce the class to their texts, the characters of which must be guessed. It is also recommended to
compile texts of advertisements, useful tips, recipes and instructions for the use of various household appliances, etc. D., the
compilation of poems on the chain (chain poems) and, finally, the "publication" of their own magazine. In general, the
communicative orientation of teaching writing and writing is clearly traced in the tendency to self-expression and an attempt to
take into account the peculiarities of the recipient's perception as adequately as possible.
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