International Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal
ISSN: 2091-573X
Vol. 1 Issue 1, June - 2021
www.sciencepublish.org
69
later use in the process of auditory perception; reading a parallel compressed / short text; the task is to fill in the gaps in the printed
copy (transcript) of the text.
At the text stage, students are offered the following types of tasks and exercises:
1) question-and-answer (choosing the right answer from a variety of suggested answers, "right /wrong/ don't know", free answers);
2) reconnaissance (determining the type of text, identifying the context - who, what, where, when, why, etc., determining the
overall goal of interaction and the communicative intentions of partners, choosing keywords, evaluating the language units and
speech means used);
3) establishing compliance (pictures, images, etc. short texts and dialogues, between oral and written texts, ordering in the desired
sequence in accordance with the content of the text of the scattered images);
4) to follow instructions (for example, to mark directions on a map, to add a contour map or a picture, to add details in an image, to
determine the difference between information in printed and spoken texts, to mark things and details in a picture or diagram, to
perform certain actions, to enter the information heard in a distribution table (grid), to fill out a form, to fill out a diagram
(flowchart), to record a telephone message (message), to record something using keywords, to mark the main points for discussion,
to note how the speaker expresses opinions, feelings, etc. paraphrase a statement, etc.), filling in speech "bubbles" (speech bubbles);
5) putting pauses, punctuation marks and intonation, accents in the text being listened to, underlining inconsistencies with the
sounding version in the printed text;
6) on the interpretation of the material perceived by ear (establishing the characteristics of the characters, circumstances, the
speaker's attitude, etc.);
7) on the completion of speech utterances and filling in gaps (close techniques, role-playing listening, completion of speech
utterances, restoration, addition and expansion of dialogue replicas, completion of a story or story, "patching" -- patchwork --
listening to mixed text fragments). Such a set of techniques, tasks and exercises really contributes to the formation of students '
auditory ability and communicative-receptive sufficiency. This corresponds to a variety of visibility as a reference material in the
organization and management of the audit process.
At the post-text stage, students are asked to come up with a title for the text they have listened to, compose new texts, come up
with questions, continue the text, describe or replay possible events in the continuation of the text, give an overview or
observations about events in the text, express their opinion on various occasions, describe the personality of the actor, etc. As for
the actual language and speech material, students are invited to classify or group words from the text, analyze and systematize the
use of language material, and note the features of the presentation of the material.
The same block of recommendations includes video listening and viewing. Here we note the use of the technique of combining
dynamic image and freeze frame (frame freeze) and the reconstruction of the video sequence along the sound series and vice versa.
Such is the sui " of techniques based on various variants of asynchronous presentation of sound and visual series (jigsaw viewing).
Unfortunately, the recommendations in this part are far from potential expectations and do not have the character of a thorough
study of the educational and methodological possibilities of using such a modern technology, which undoubtedly has a great
learning potential.
The next block of recommendations is devoted to the formation, development and improvement of reading skills. The main task
here is to prepare students to read unfamiliar authentic texts without assistance with an adequate speed and level of understanding
of the read in accordance with the various goals of the activity. J. Shils emphasizes that the independent reader uses different
reading strategies depending on the goals set, that is, he can move from viewing reading to introductory reading or to reading with
detailed information extraction (and vice versa), and can also judge the degree of adequacy of understanding these goals.
The methodology of teaching reading texts of different types is differentiated by three types of learning activities of students:
before reading (pre-reading activities), during reading (while-reading activities) and after reading (post-reading activities).
At the pre-text stage, we recommend the following:
1) preface the content of the text for reading with the help of hints, supports, photos, drawings, diagrams, headings and
subheadings;
2) give the necessary background information;
3) simplify or shorten the text version;
4) rearrange or rearrange disparate sentences or connect disparate sentences or fragments of text;
5) analyze a similar type of text that contains keywords and expressions;
6) listen to a text on the same topic as a preemptive hearing (for example, radio or television coverage of the same event that was
the subject of a newspaper text for later reading);
7) read a similar text in your native language for further comparison with the text in a foreign language;
8) present the text in the form of a systematizing grid or scheme (grid);
9) based on the existing knowledge and experience, suggest what new information may appear in the text;
10) navigate during the brainstorming session in the main points of the content of the proposed topic and express their opinions;
11) agree or disagree with a number of statements of the teacher on the topic with the appropriate reasoning;
12) guess the topic and content of the text using keywords and topic options;
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