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 May 2021
SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
used. It is done by spontaneous infiltration or by infiltration under pressure. The first is done in the 
following ways:
1) Flooding of the area, which takes up a lot of space, gives good results on low-slope, quiet ter-
rain.
2) By constructing a special pool with a dense network of permeable bubble and egat, small chan-
nel (in difficult terrain conditions).
3) Permanent and temporary watercourses, wells, mines, quarries, natural quarries are used.
Pressure infiltration is the delivery of water under pressure through wells built into a water 
intake. This method is often used against intrusion, i.e., against the addition of saline seawater to 
groundwater on the seashore.
One of the factors negatively affecting the current increase in grain yield is the shortage of wa-
ter during the growing season, and the second is that most farms do not take into account local soil 
and hydrogeological conditions, real water requirements during the transition phases of their growth 
and development. Some of the toxic chemicals applied to the soil, weeds and insects applied to the 
soil during the irrigation of grain are washed into groundwater, leading to the deterioration of their 
ecological and reclamation status. The above reasons include the efficient use of water resources al-
located to irrigated lands, a system of agro-technological measures that do not adversely affect the 
environmental situation, irrigation methods using hydrogel artificial polymer crystals to create op-
portunities for rational use of groundwater in the cultivation of cereals [12,13,14].
The purpose of the study:
Water sources for irrigation are assessed by the following indicators: water quality, the amount of 
water flow during the annual and growing seasons, the variation of water flow over the years, water 
flow regime, level and pressure regime, location relative to the irrigated area.
It is characterized by the quality of water, its temperature, the amount of mechanical leaks, 
mineralization and chemical composition, bacteriological composition.
Study of the source of irrigation in the case of high yields from grain fields in relation to its 
temperature on the basis of experiments on the efficient use of groundwater.