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PRIMARY CUTANEOUS DISEASES
Acanthosis nigricans – gingival swelling
BJD 145:506–507, 2001
Epulis fissuratum
Ghatan p.89, 2002, Second Edition
Giant cell epulis
Ghatan p.89, 2002, Second Edition
Idiopathic gingival hyperplasia
J Orthod 30:13–19, 2003
Solitary gingival enlargement
SYNDROMES
Amelogenesis imperfecta
J Periodontol 76:1563–1566, 2005; J
Clin Pediatr Dent 23:117–121, 1999
Amyloidosis of the gingiva and conjunctiva with mental
retardation
Borrone dermatocardioskeletal syndrome – autosomal
recessive or X-linked; gingival hypertrophy, coarse facies, late
eruption of teeth, loss of teeth, thick skin, acne conglobata,
osteolysis, large joint flexion contractuures, short stature,
brachydactyly, camptodactyly, mitral valve prolapse, congestive
heart failure
Ped Derm 18:534–536, 2001
Congenital cataracts, sensorineural deafness, hypogonadism,
hypertrichosis, short stature – gingival hyperplasia
Clin
Dysmorphol 4:283–288, 1995
Congenital generalized fibromatosis – autosomal recessive;
skin, muscle, bones, viscera
Ped Derm 18:534–536, 2001
Congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa with gingival hyperplasia
Ped Derm 10:263–265, 1993; profuse hypertrichosis of lower
face, trunk, and extremities with acromegalic features
Plast
Reconstr Surg 27:608–612, 1962
Congenital generalized hypertrichosis with gingival
hyperplasia – osteochondrodysplasia, dysmorphic face
Am J Med Genet 30:278–283, 2003; Am J Med Genet
47:198–212, 1993
Costello syndrome – warty papules around nose and mouth,
legs, perianal skin; loose skin of neck, hands, and feet;
acanthosis nigricans; low set protuberant ears, thick palmoplantar
surfaces with single palmar crease, gingival hyperplasia,
hypoplastic nails, moderately short stature, craniofacial
abnormalities, hyperextensible fingers, sparse curly hair, perianal
and vulvar papules, diffuse hyperpigmentation, generalized
hypertrichosis, multiple nevi
Ped Derm 20:447–450, 2003; JAAD
32:904–907, 1995; Aust Paediat J 13:114–118, 1977
Cowden’s syndrome – verrucous plaque on gingiva
JAAD 11:1127–1141, 1984
Cross syndrome – autosomal recessive; gingival fibromatosis,
microphthalmia with cloudy corneas, mental retardation,
spasticity, growth retardation, athetosis, hypopigmentation,
silvery gray hair
Ped Derm 18:534–536, 2001; J Pediatr
70:398–406, 1967
Dyskeratosis benigna intraepithelialis mucosae et cutis
hereditaria – conjunctivitis, umbilicated keratotic nodules of
scrotum, buttocks, trunk; palmoplantar verruca-like lesions,
leukoplakia of buccal mucosa, hypertrophic gingivitis, tooth loss
J Cutan Pathol 5:105–115, 1978
Ehlers–Danlos syndrome type VIIc (dermatosparaxis)
J Oral Pathol Med 32:568–570, 2003
Erdheim–Chester disease (lipogranulomatosis)
Fabry’s disease (Anderson–Fabry’s disease) – localized
congenital gingival enlargement
JAAD 52:491–499, 2005
François syndrome – dermochondral dystrophy; gingival
hypertrophy
Gangliosidosis – X-linked – gingival hypertrophy,
macroglossia, coarse facies, micrognathia, loose skin,
inguinal hernia, delayed growth, hepatosplenomegaly,
neonatal hypotonia, delayed motor development
Ped Derm
18:534–536, 2001
Gingival fibromatosis (hereditary gingival fibromatosis) –
autosomal dominant
Ped Derm 18:534–536, 2001; J Clin
Pediatr Dent 25:41–46, 2000; Rook p.3055, 1998, Sixth Edition
Gingival fibromatosis, hypertrichosis, cherubism, mental
and somatic retardation, and epilepsy (Ramon syndrome)
Am J Med Genet 25:433–442, 1986; (gingival fibromatosis,
hypertrichosis, epilepsy, mental retardation)
Dev Med Child
Neurol 31:538–542, 1989
Gingival fibromatosis–hypertrichosis syndrome
(Byars–Jurkiewicz syndrome) – autosomal dominant; giant
fibroadenomas of breast; hypertrichosis of face, upper
extremities, midback; redundant skin; secondary kyphosis
Ped
Derm 18:534–536, 2001; J Pediatr 67:499–502, 1965; Plast
Reconstr Surg 27:608–612, 1961
Gingival fibromatosis with distinctive facies – autosomal
recessive; macrocephaly, hypertelorism, bushy eyebrows,
synophrys, downslanted palpebral fissures, flat nasal bridge
with hypoplastic nares, cupid-bow mouth, high arched palate
Ped Derm 18:534–536, 2001
Gingival fibromatosis with growth hormone deficiency
Syndromes of the Head and Neck, p.852–853, 1990
Gingival fibromatosis with sensorineural hearing loss (Jones)
Ped
Derm 18:534–536, 2001; Am J Med Genet 22:623–627, 1985
Heck’s disease
Hemimaxillofacial dysplasia (segmental odontomaxillary
dysplasia) (HATS – hemimaxillary enlargement, asymmetry of
face, skin findings) – facial asymmetry, hypertrichosis of the
face, unilateral maxillary enlargement, partial anodontia,
delayed eruption of teeth, gingival thickening of affected
segment, Becker’s nevus, hairy nevus (hypertrichosis), lip
hypopigmentation, depression of cheek, erythema, hypoplastic
teeth
Ped Derm 21:448–451, 2004; JAAD 48:161–179, 2003;
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 64:445–448, 1987
Hereditary angioedema
J Clin Periodontol 30:271–277, 2003
Hereditary progressive mucinous histiocytosis – yellow dome-
shaped papules of face, gingiva, hard palate
BJD
141:1101–1105, 1999
Hypereosinophilic syndrome
Cutis 29:490–493, 1982
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