Scheme of Work Cambridge International as & a level

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bio scheme of work

Extension activity

Extension activity: Learners extend their knowledge of the universal genetic code by carrying out research into the topic of codon usage bias in nature. What are the benefits of using certain codons over others to encode particular amino acids?

6.2.6 State that a gene mutation is a change in the sequence of base pairs in a DNA molecule that may result in an altered polypeptide. 6.2.7 Explain that a gene mutation is a result of substitution or deletion or insertion of nucleotides in DNA and outline how each of these types of mutation may affect the polypeptide produced.	Learners engage with a case study to analyse the sequence of DNA from the Hb^A (normal) allele of the beta-globin gene, and then the mutant Hb^S allele. Host a discussion to describe the difference between these molecules, and suggest how this may have happened. Learners construct a sentence involving a series of three-letter words. An example is: ‘YOU CAN EAT THE NUT.’ Demonstrate how a single substitution may still leave a sentence that makes sense. However, a single deletion or addition of a base does not. Learners construct flow diagrams to illustrate the effects of the three different types of mutation on protein structure and function. Extension activity: Learners do some research and evaluate the definition of gene that is commonly used at this level: ‘A gene is a length of DNA that codes for a polypeptide.’
Past and specimen papers
Past/specimen papers and mark schemes are available to download at www.cambridgeinternational.org/support (F)

7: Transport in plants

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