Sat practice Test #5 Answer Explanations



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QUESTION 47 
Choice A is the best answer
. In lines 38-39, the passage describes part of Maguire’s study by stating that 
“the researchers put both the mental athletes and a group of matched control subjects into MRI 
scanners.” In the context of a study that has two groups of subjects, the word “matched” suggests 
subjects that are similar or comparable.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because in the context of a study with two groups of subjects, the word 
“matched” suggests subjects that are similar or comparable, not ones that are exactly the same (choice 
B), ones that are recognizably different (choice C), or ones that are rivals (choice D). 
QUESTION 48 
Choice C is the best answer
. The main purpose of the fifth paragraph (lines 57-65) is to relate what 
Maguire discovered about the mental athletes, namely that their brain structures are not different from 
those of the control group but that the mental athletes use their brains differently: “there was one 
telling difference . . . regions of the brain that were less active in the control subjects seemed to be 
working in overdrive for the mental athletes.” 
Choice A is incorrect because the fifth paragraph does not mention the taxi drivers or the study involving 
them. Choice B is incorrect because the fifth paragraph describes some of the unexpected results of 
Maguire’s study but does not address the possible reasons for those results. Choice D is incorrect 
because the fifth paragraph describes only Maguire’s findings, not her methods. 
QUESTION 49 


Choice C is the best answer
. The passage indicates that Maguire’s second study revealed that people in 
the control group don’t have different brain structures than the mental athletes but that they use their 
brains differently. In particular, the two groups use different pathways in the brain: “regions of the brain 
that were less active in the control subjects seemed to be working in overdrive for the mental athletes” 
(lines 63-65).
Choices A and D are incorrect because the passage states that there was only “one telling difference 
between the brains of the mental athletes and the control subjects” (lines 57-58); there is no indication 
that the control group showed less total brain activity or had smaller hippocampal regions. Choice B is 
incorrect because the passage mentions only the general cognitive ability of the mental athletes, noting 
that their scores were “within the normal range” (line 54).

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