Samarkand state institute of foreign languages

CONCLUSION


This dissertation has aimed to analyse ‘what connexion can there be’ between environment and psychoanalysis in Bleak House, by focusing on the two forms of the uncanny and other correlated concepts in the mother-and-daughter plot. First, both concepts are relevant in the novel, as sometimes they appear to intertwine with each other, and, other times, only one is aroused. For what concerns the Freudian uncanny, its many shapes were relevant in every chapter of this work. The same holds true for the environmental uncanny, and its different shapes were concerned with the various ways that the natural world can be endowed with agency: namely, Ghosh’s dichotomy between fillers and uncanny, or notions by John Parham and Troy Boone, who respectively focused on the dangerous agency of waste products of industrialization and of environmental conditions, and on nonhuman powers. Indeed, the environmental uncanny was theorised by Ghosh in 2016, on the verge of the climate crisis, whose origins relate to the massive consequences posited by industrialization, a topic with which Bleak House and the England of Dickens’s times were familiar, as pollution and sanitary issues demonstrate. Moreover, the environmental and the Freudian uncanny are often linked to André Green’s ‘Dead Mother Complex’, which has provided a psychoanalytic framework to the mother-and-daughter plot, and reverberated in many environmental descriptions. So, the two versions of the uncanny mutually engaged in the narratives of Lady Dedlock and Esther Summerson, and resulted in a variety of outcomes, depending on the shape of the uncanny.


REFERENCES

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3. 
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   Cash, Sarah E., ‘The Broken Mirror: Maternal Agency and Identity in Charles Dickens's Bleak House’, FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations 828 (Florida International University, 2013), http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/828.
   
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12. 
    -- David Copperfield (London: Chapman and Hall, ca 1870).
    
13. 
    -- ‘Speech to the Metropolitan Sanitary Association: May 10th, 1851’, in Bleak House, ed. by George Ford and Sylvère Monod (New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company, 1977), pp. 915-916 (repr. from The Speeches of Charles Dickens, ed. by K.J. Fielding (1960), pp.128-130).
    
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1^ From Wikipedia

2^ Ackroyd, Peter, Dickens (London: Vintage, 2002).

3^ Bodenheimer, Rosemarie, Knowing Dickens (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2007).

4^ Boone, Troy, ‘Early Dickens and Ecocriticism: The Social Novelist and The Nonhuman’, in Victorian Writers and the Environment: Ecocritical Perspectives, ed. by Laurence W. Mazzeno and Ronald D. Morrison (London and New York: Routledge, 2017), pp. 97- 113.

5^ Brontë, Charlotte, Jane Eyre (London: Penguin, 2009).

6^ Butt, John, ‘“Bleak House” in the context of 1851’, Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 10.1 (June 1955), pp.1-22.

7^ Carter, Leighton, ‘The Slum of All Fears: Dickens's Concern with Urban Poverty and Sanitation’,

8^ The Victorian Web: Literature, History, & Culture in the age of Victoria, 2007, pp. 1-2. , [Accessed 4 August 2019

9^ Cash, Sarah E., ‘The Broken Mirror: Maternal Agency and Identity in Charles Dickens's Bleak House’, FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations 828 (Florida International University, 2013), http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/828.

10^ Coste, Marie-Amélie, Christine Huguet, Nathalie Vanfasse, ‘Introduction’, in Dickensian Landscapes, ed. by Marie-Amélie Coste and others (Grenoble: Centre d’Etudes sur les Modes de la Représentation Anglophone, 2016), pp. 1-7.

11^ Dever, Carolyn, ‘Broken mirror, broken words: Bleak House’, in Death of the Mother from Dickens to Freud, ed. by Carolyn Dever (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), pp. 81-106 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511585302.

12^ Dickens, Charles, ’A December Vision’, Household Words, II.38 (1850), pp. 265-267, [Accessed 5 August 2019].

13^ -- Bleak House, ed. by George Ford and Sylvère Monod (New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company, 1977).
-- David Copperfield (London: Chapman and Hall, ca 1870).