Richards-Communicative-Language pdf

Implementing a Competency-Based Approach

As we saw above, CBLT is often used in programs that focus on learners with 

very specific language needs. In such cases, rather than seeking to teach gen-

eral English, the focus is on the specific language skills needed to function in 

a specific context. This is similar to an ESP approach and to some versions of 

a  task-based  approach.  The  starting  point  in  course  planning  is  therefore  an 

identification  of  the  tasks  the  learner  will  need  to  carry  out  within  a  specific 

setting (e.g., in the role of factory worker, restaurant employee, or nurse) and 

the language demands of those tasks. The competencies needed for successful 

task performance are then identified and used as the basis for course planning. 

For example, part of a specification of competencies for a job training course 

includes the following:

The student will be able to:



  Identify different kinds of jobs using simple help-wanted ads



  Describe personal work experience and skills



  Demonstrate ability to fill out a simple job application with 

assistance



  Produce required forms of identification for employment

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44  Communicative Language Teaching Today



  Identify Social Security, income tax deductions, and tax forms



  Demonstrate understanding of employment expectations, rules, 

regulations, and safety



  Demonstrate understanding of basic instructions and ask for 

clarification on the job



  Demonstrate appropriate treatment of co-workers (politeness and 

respect)

Materials  writers  would  then  have  to  plan  language  lessons  around 

these competencies.

Task 24

Describe some of the competencies a learner would need 

to master in order to work effectively as a waitperson in a 

restaurant.