Revision notes topic questions past papers

A molecule of glucose and a molecule of fructose are formed when one molecule of

sucrose is hydrolysed; the addition of water to the glycosidic bond breaks it

Exam Tip

Remember that disaccharides hydrolyse to two monosaccharides whereas

polysaccharides must undergo many hydrolytic reactions until they form monosaccharides.

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CIE AS Biology (9700) 2019-2021 Revision Notes

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2. Biological Molecules

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Page 24

2.2.3 STARCH & GLYCOGEN

Starch & Glycogen: Structures & Functions

Starch and glycogen are polysaccharides

Polysaccharides are macromolecules that are polymers formed by many monosaccharides

joined by glycosidic bonds in a condensation reaction to form chains. These chains may

be:

Branched or unbranched

Folded (making the molecule compact which is ideal for storage eg. starch and

glycogen)

Straight (making the molecules suitable to construct cellular structures e.g. cellulose)

or coiled