Republic of Uzbekistan Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education Samarkand State University Faculty of International Educational Programs Department of Computer Science and Programming Technologies independent work

Joystick
Joystick is an input device used to control cursor or objects on computer games. Joysticks are also used for controlling the machines such as trucks, cranes, and surveillance cameras.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is considered as the brain of computer. A central processing unit is an electronic circuit that carries out the instructions of a computer program. It performs basic arithmetic, logical, control, and input/output operations. The user or human being writes a program to the computer. Computers do not have intelligence, so they could not perform any operations on their own. Hence, all the instructions to the computer are given by the user to perform specific task. CPU controls operations on all parts of the computer including main memory.
CPU is also sometimes referred as central processor, microprocessor, or simply processor. It is the most important part of a computer system. In all modern small computers, the CPU is placed on a single silicon chip. Hence, the size of CPU is reduced.
CPU consists of two main components:

• 
  ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) 
  
• 
  Control unit
  

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is a digital electronic circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operations. In some computers, the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is divided in two parts: Arithmetic unit (AU) and Logic Unit (LU). The arithmetic unit performs the arithmetic operations and the logic unit performs the logical operations. The various arithmetic operations performed by the Arithmetic Unit (AU) include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Arithmetic unit performs these arithmetic operations at high speed. The various logical operations performed by the Logic Unit (LU) include NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR, etc. The results of the ALU are stored in memory for further use. The results that are stored in the memory are passed to output devices.

Control Unit (CU)

The control unit controls all the operations of the computer. It tells the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), computers memory, input and output devices how to respond to the program instructions. It controls the flow of data between CPU and other devices.
The control unit efficiently manages the resources of the computer to reduce power consumption. It also checks the correctness of the sequence of operations. The devices, which requires control unit, include Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU).