Referat theme: Mass media in Uzbekistan Done by: Kambarov H. Checked by



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mass media in uzbekistan

ELECTRONIC NEWS MEDIA 

There are several companies that provide paging, cellular phones, and cable 

TV—all of them based in Tashkent: Kamalak-TV; Radio Page; Kamalak-paging; 

Orbitel Ltd. Scooner Trading Telecom, U-tel, and Uzdunrobita. In the decade 

following its independence from the former Soviet Union, Uzbekistan's telephone 

services have improved remarkably. So has the demand for telephones despite the 

increase in the tariff since the mid-1990s. The demand from rural areas has 

outpaced that from urban centers, with the overall increase in telephone 

connections totalling 250 per cent since 1991. While it is almost impossible to 

gauge the numbers of users of the Internet anywhere, the impact of the Internet is 

far greater than such numbers may indicate. According to Yash Lange, who 



regularly monitors the media in the CIS, the access to the Internet is  so far 

"confined to the educated, successful or (often) young" limited by the "obsolete 

telecommunication infrastructure" that inhibits expansion. Thus, a survey 

conducted in January 1997 placed the number of hosts in Uzbekistan at 122, which 

compares most unfavorably with Russia: 50,000; Ukraine: 6,966; Kazakhistan: 

807; Georgia: 210; and Armenia: 175.  

There are several reasons for such a limited use of the Internet. Only a small 

minority can afford an IP connection that would enable them to surf the Web  or 

have access to e-mail. It is also not possible to determine the exact number of users 

since the number of subscribers at the providers gives the number of connections, 

not the number of users, who pay a small fee to the subscribers for the facility. 

This is especially true of universities and research institutes where a single 

connection may be used by several faculty, researchers, and students. While the 

cost of a connection is prohibitive, even the hourly use charge can be very high, 

particularly to young people who do not have access to a common academic 

facility.  

The impediments to Internet expansion include poor telecommunications 

infrastructure, the over-loaded, low-speed international channels which make the 

use of the Web complicated. This is so in Russia itself; it is many times worse in 

the CIS including, Uzbekistan. Another problem is the alphabet used by the 

receiver and the sender in transmitting the data if it is not in Roman script, which is 

used on the Internet. Moreover, the Internet is predominantly in English. "As data 

travels from one system," Lange notes, "the messages may change (parts of words 

disappear) because the server where the message travels through on its way to its 

final destination may not support the type of coding. … When messages are sent 

from east to West it becomes much more pronounced." Yet, the greatest hurdle in 

the expansion and use of the Internet would be the will of the government and its 

desire to link its citizenry with the world, in seeing the inevitability and long-term 

benefits of such an interaction. Uzbekistan is, in this respect, way behind Russia 

and Ukraine; its newspapers are not yet on line.  




 


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