Reading passages

12. According to the passage, power supply and vehicle manufacturing

1. 
   are two industries that do not affect global warming
   
2. 
   rely heavily on fossil fuels
   

C) are environmentally less harmful than other industries
D) have carried the problems of global warming everywhere
E) have no common bases
The ozone layer absorbs all the highest frequencies of ultraviolet radiation and prevents them from reaching the surface of the planet. A reduction of only 5 per cent in its overall concentration would probably lead to about a 10 per cent increase in human skin cancers and a 10 per cent drop in stratospheric ozone levels would increase the amount of hot and dangerous ultraviolet radiation on earth by 20 percent. Beyond this level the precise effects of ozone layer depletion on both humans and wildlife are extremely difficult to predict.
13. As the passage points out, major function of the ozone layer is to

1. 
   prevent the transmission of low frequency radiation
   
2. 
   protect the earth from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation
   
3. 
   reduce the amount of radiation in the stratosphere to 10 percent
   
4. 
   regulate the frequencies of ultraviolet radiation
   

E) provide oxygen
14. The author points out that it is almost impossible to estimate .

1. 
   the effects of a drop of more than 10 percent in, the level of ozone concentration
   
2. 
   how wildlife has been affected by the increase in ultraviolet radiation
   
3. 
   the extent of ozone depletion in recent years
   
4. 
   the annual rate of skin cancer due to ozone depletion
   

E) what the effects of ozone hole will be
15. The author points out that a 10 percent increase in human skin
cancer would be likely to occur .

1. 
   unless measures could be found to prevent ozone layer depletion
   
2. 
   should there be 20 percent increase in ultraviolet radiation
   
3. 
   if there were a 5 percent drop in the ozone layer density
   
4. 
   if ^rgent action were not taken to prevent it
   

E) as long as they don't use preventive lotions

There are several kinds of dams. One kind is called an earth dam. This consists of a large bank of earth with steep sides. Along the length of the base of the dam a cut-off wall is constructed and this extends down to an impervious stratum. The function of the cut-off wall is to make the foundation watertight. Openings are made in the base of the dam to allow water to escape, thus controlling the level of water in the reservoir and providing a regular supply of water. These openings are called sluices. There is one disadvantage with this kind of dam. The material does not become watertight until the reservoir is full of water.