Reading passages

8. According to the passage, in the early nineteenth century, some people were in the opinion that a person's mental capacity .

1. 
   could never be improved
   
2. 
   depended on the size of his head
   
3. 
   was completely changed by the environment
   
4. 
   was purely genetic
   

E) was fundamental to his personality
9. One may conclude from the text that a full understanding of the nature and the capacity of human intelligence .

1. 
   can only be received by exceptionally sophisticated minds
   
2. 
   has finally been obtained by modern scientists
   
3. 
   can be achieved within the next few years
   
4. 
   is unlikely to be achieved in the near future
   

E) will emerge via the practical rather than experimental studies

Of all the environmental problems facing us today, global warming is likely to have the most devastating effects, In order to combat these, the emission of harmful gases must be reduced; for this purpose, the rainforests, which absorb carbon dioxide in vast quantities must be protected. Global warming will place a premium on energy efficiency, for controlling global warming inescapably means reducing the burning of fossil fuels. The two industries that are most obviously going to be affected are the power suppliers and the vehicle manufacturers, but since energy is consumed by almost everything we manufacture, design or do, the effects will be felt everywhere.

10. It is emphasized in the passage that global warming seems to be

1. 
   easier to control than other environmental problems
   
2. 
   of less of a threat than formerly it used to be
   
3. 
   the most terrible of the problems facing the environment
   
4. 
   one of the causes for the disappearance of the rainforests
   

E) a simple matter
11. The author explains that unless the burning of fossil fuels is
radically reduced .

1. 
   global warming cannot possibly be held in check
   
2. 
   they will soon be used up
   
3. 
   traditional power supplies will not be adequate
   
4. 
   energy efficiency cannot be achieved
   

E) there will be no energy crisis