Clinical notes
Fractures of the clavicle are com-
monly associated with fragment
dislocation. The medial part of the
clavicle tends to be pulled cranially
by traction of the sternocleidomas-
toid. The lateral part of the clavicle
can be pulled caudally by traction of
the coracoclavicular ligament.
Clavicular injuries are sometimes
The axis of the glenoid cavity proj-
ects 9° dorsally from the axis of the
scapula. It is thus in retroversion
with respect to the scapula.
The acromion is an anthropometric
point. Its lateral edge can be used
for measuring the shoulder-to-
shoulder width and the length of
the upper limb.
The scapula is connected by mus-
cles to the posterior aspect of the
thorax. Its position and associated
muscles influence the posture of
the head, cervical vertebrae and
shoulders. Contrarily, the position
of the scapula is significantly influ-
enced by muscular imbalance of the
upper and lower scapular fixators
and the serratus anterior.
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