Clinical notes
Fractures of the clavicle are com-
monly associated with fragment
dislocation. The medial part of the
clavicle tends to be pulled cranially
by traction of the sternocleidomas-
toid. The lateral part of the clavicle
can be pulled caudally by traction of
the coracoclavicular ligament.
Clavicular injuries are sometimes
associated with injury of the subcla-
vian artery and/or brachial plexus.
Fractures of the scapula occur very
rarely and are almost solely a con-
sequence of direct violence or a fall.
The superior angle of the scapula is
a common area of tenderness found
by palpation in a physical examina-
tion. The cause of the pain can be
overload of the levator scapulae.
A winged scapula is an out of place
scapula. In medial winging, the
scapula moves upward and medial-
ly. This can be caused by weakening
of the lower fixators or injury to the
long thoracic nerve. In lateral wing-
ing, the scapula moves downwards
and laterally. This can be caused by
damage to the accessory nerve.
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