Questions 1-10

Useful strategies: pie charts
Teaching and research – this is by far the largest area.
a  Introduction
  The charts show how one university spent its income 
in 2015 compared to 2005, giving the percentages 
spent on six different areas of its operation. 
IELTS Essentials @IELTSUzNav

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b  Description of simple proportion
  By far the most important outlay by the university in 
both years was on Teaching and research, 
c  Overview of general pattern
  However, there were significant changes across the 
decade in the proportion of spending in all other areas. 
d  Striking comparison between 2005 and 2015
  The most noteworthy difference was in the portion 
spent on Administration and management: this 
increased considerably, from 6% in 2005 to 16% in 
2015. Other areas which saw a growth in percentage 
terms were Maintaining campuses (from 10% to 
15%) and Financial support for students, which, 
though it started from the lowest base (5%) in 2005, 
outstripped spending on Libraries and accounted for 
8% of total expenditure in 2015. 
e  A decrease in percentage
  Two other areas saw a drop in spending in 
percentage terms: Libraries and Accommodation, 
which both saw a halving of their spending, to 5% 
and 8% respectively.
  Simple past tense – both dates are in the past.
  We do not know what the total amount of spending 
was in 2005 and 2015 so we do not know how much 
was spent, only what percentage of income was spent.
f  No change or hardly any change
  and this held steady at approximately half the overall 
expenditure (53% in 2005 and 48% in 2015).