Qarshi davlat universiteti xorijiy tillar fakulteti ingliz tili va adabiyoti kafedrasi

Key words and expressions 
 
Abolitionism 
Reconciliation
 

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Text of the Lecture
Abolitionism 
was the movement, which was directed at the abolishment of slavery at the 
Southern States of America. From the beginning of the 19
th
century these Southern States began 
to play great role in the political life of the USA. The North of America was industrial. The 
plantation owners wanted to have more and more territories. In the West, there were free lands 
and the plantation owners claimed their hands to new territories. 
There were sharp contradictions between industrial North and slavery South. The progressive 
elements of bourgeoisie in the North opposed the claims of slave-owners and they started the 
movement of abolitionism. In the 30-ties, there were a number of Negro uprisings. Most of them 
were led by a farmer-abolitionist, John Brown. He led an uprising in 1859. It was defeated. And 
John Brown was hanged but his name is popular even now among the broad masses of people. 
The contradictions became sharper and sharper and were resulted in Civil War 1861-1865. The 
immediate cause of this war was the election of Abraham Lincoln to the post of the American 
President. He was a sworn enemy of slavery. This aroused the dissatisfaction in Southern States. 
When he was elected there was a revolt in the South. Two Armies were formed, of the 
Southerners and the Yankee Army. That war lasted during 5 years. It was ended by the victory of 
the North and the abolition of slavery. Under the banner of abolition all progressive people of 
America were united and they began to publish an abolitionist paper “The Liberator”. It was 
started by William Garrison. The paper exposed the slave-owners of the South.