Qarshi davlat universiteti xorijiy tillar fakulteti ingliz tili va adabiyoti kafedrasi

 
MARK TWAIN 
(1835-1910) 
Mark Twain is a remarkable writer of the critical realism. He is a master of short stories. He is 
known as a master of exposal of the bourgeois society of his days. He called his own country 
“The United States of Lynchdom”. He condemned the colonial policy of his country and other 
ugly sides of American life. In his best books he describes the sufferings, hopes and aspirations 
of broad masses of people. His literary career was complicated and contradictory. He remained 
indifferent to the ideas of socialism. 
Mark Twain is a pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. 

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He was born in a small village Florida, state Missouri (in the South). His father was a small 
town-lawyer. There were many children in the family. Soon the family moved to a small town 
Hannibal near the riverside to the farm of his uncle. On this farm he got acquainted with Negro 
Dam. When he was 12 his father died and he had to look for a job. And he became an apprentice 
in a printing house. Wandering from town to town he worked in many printing houses. Soon he 
became a pilot. It was at that time that he made a maiden attempt at writing. Here he adopted his 
pen name. He began to write short humorous stories which he sent to newspapers in California. 
The navigation of the river became slack and he had to find another job. In the war between the 
North and the South he struggled on the Southern side because he lived in the Southern states. 
Then he worked in the silver mines to enrich himself. He was taken by the spirit of the western 
frontier. He walked on foot to the city of Virginia. He established the newspaper there “The 
Enterprise”. He was a regular contributor to the newspaper. His humorous stories, his humor 
were based on the Western folklore. His stories are written in the first person. It was a tradition. 
“The Gilded Age” – the first satirical story.