Public-Private Partnership (ppp) Handbook


  Clear Government Commitment and a Designated Champion



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public-private-partnership

3.8 
Clear Government Commitment and a Designated Champion
The  private  sector  will  expect  government  to  be  a  competent  partner  in  discharging  its 
obligations  in  terms  of  policy  and  reform  planning,  project  development,  and  contract 
oversight.  It  will  also  expect  that  the  government  has  established  the  appropriate  legal 
and other frameworks to set targets, monitor progress, evaluate progress, report progress, 
enforce the contract provisions, and handle disputes. A detailed road map helps manage 
expectations in that regard, and allows the actual performance of the government to be 
monitored and measured. 
The government’s commitment to the strategy is demonstrated in several ways: through 
a public statement of the reform strategy and expectations of PPP; through stakeholder 
consultation and transparency of process; through the provision of adequate funding and 
support for the process; and through the appointment of a powerful champion, or driver, 
for the process. The champion is an individual or unit that is accountable for progress, is a 
focal point for public communication and information, ensures that appropriate attention is 
given to the main issues, works with various parties to achieve cooperation/ consensus, and 
leads the government toward decisions. The standing, credibility, and strength of mandate 
of the PPP champion are strong indications of the true commitment of the government to 
the PPP project.
Political changes and powerful vested interests can all constrain the PPP process. The govern-
ment has to set out the case for PPP in a convincing and transparent manner, anticipating 
concerns and questions. In this way, broader support for PPP can be earned, able to with-
stand shorter-term political pressures.
Of course, popular support for PPPs is ultimately gained through results—in terms of improved 
service and reasonable costs. Government has to be seen as advocating the process that 
will be accountable to the people and provide benefits. 


Introduction

2
4  Structuring a PPP:  
 
Available PPP Options
This chapter discusses the main PPP options available for consideration. Each presents dif-
ferent characteristics to be assessed against the sector reform objectives. The basic PPP 
contract types are:
• 
service contracts;
• 
management contracts;
• 
affermage or lease contracts;
• 
build–operate–transfer (BOT) and similar arrangements;
• 
concessions; and
• 
joint ventures.
As can be seen in Figure , all forms are currently in place in Asia.
Each PPP option implies varying levels of responsibility and risk to be assumed by the private 
operator, together with differences in structures and contract forms as discussed in the sub-
sequent sections and summarized in Table . Increasingly, contracts are becoming hybrids, 
adopting features of several contracts to reflect the best local requirements. 

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