Project: sc090025/R1


Figure 3.11: Typical submersible transfer pump installation (top cover removed)



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Figure 3.11: Typical submersible transfer pump installation (top cover removed) 
Table 3.1 shows a summary of the pump types available for applications such as flood defence 
or water transfer, with their advantages and disadvantages as a general summary; the table 
does not cover every pump installation as there are many different types of installation in 
existence. 
Table 3.1: Summary of pump types 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pump type 
Typical advantages 
Typical disadvantages 
Archimedes 
screw 
Solids tolerant 
Low operating speed 
Expensive capital 
Difficult to modify 
Hazardous, requires enclosing 
Axial flow & 
mixed flow 
Good efficiency if 
maintained at best 
efficiency point (BEP) 
Solids tolerant 
Limited delivery head 
Efficiency drops off away from BEP 
Performance is very dependent upon 
providing good inlet flow to bellmouth
Intake model tests are advisable 
Centrifugal 
flow 
Wide delivery range 
Compact
Less tolerant of solids 
Shorter lifetimes 
Lower efficiency 


13 
3.5 Specific speed 
Specific speed is a term used to describe the geometry (shape) of a pump impeller. Suppliers, 
manufacturers or specifiers responsible for the selection of a particular pump for a specific 
application can use this specific speed information to help them obtain the parameters useful for 
the following purposes: 

Select the shape of the pump curve.

Determine the efficiency of the pump.

Anticipate motor overloading problems.

Predict net positive suction head (NPSH) requirements.

Select the lowest cost pump for their application. 
Specific speed (N
S
) is defined as "the speed of an ideal pump geometrically similar to the actual 
pump, which when running at this speed will raise a unit volume, in a unit of time through a unit 
of head". 
Specific speed (N
S
) = 
N Q
0.5
H
0.75
N = speed of the pump in revolutions per minute (rpm) 
Q = flow rate in litres per minute (for single or double suction impellers) 
H = total dynamic head in meters. 
Figure 3.12 illustrates the relationship between specific speed and pump efficiency. In general, 
the efficiency increases as N
S
increases. Specific speed also relates to the shape of the 
individual pump curve as it describes head, capacity, power consumption and efficiency. 

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