Problems and methodical recommendations in teaching mother tongue and literature

Matyakubova Surayyo Abdullayevna (teacher of native language and literature of academic lyceum of UrSU)

PROBLEMS AND METHODICAL RECOMMENDATIONS IN TEACHING MOTHER TONGUE AND LITERATURE

Annotation: This article describes the methodological aspects of teaching the native language, taking into account the latest developments and developments in the field of teaching literature. In addition, the methods of applying scientific and theoretical data in practice are described.

Keywords: Mother tongue and Literature, method, technological system, education system, optimal, law, philology, subject, object.

The “Mother Tongue and Literature Teaching Methodology” belongs to the system of pedagogical disciplines and can meet all three requirements for becoming a separate type of science1. First, the field of study of literature teaching methods is not studied by any other subject in science. Secondly, the study of optimal and effective ways of teaching works of art in literature classes, the development of the theoretical foundations of literary education is of great social importance. Third, the science of teaching literature has its own research methods. That is, while literary studies as a separate discipline deals with the history, theory, and problems of the literary process, pedagogy deals with the laws of child rearing. But neither of these disciplines can solve the problem of what and how literature should be taught in the process of continuing education. In this sense, the methodology of teaching literature as a separate discipline is necessary for philological education, it has its own object and subject, goals and objectives, content and methods. Based on the textbooks created in the field, the subject of "Methods of teaching literature" can be described as literature lessons in the system of continuing education. The subject of this subject is the process of cooperation between teachers and students in the study of fiction, didactic materials and laws for the teaching of fiction in the system of continuing education. “Teaching Literature The purpose of the subject "Methodology" is to form the professional competence of the future teacher, to teach them how to rationally and effectively use the influence of the work of art in the decision-making of young people. To show the difference between the subject of teaching literature and other subjects taught in educational institutions; study of traditional and innovative approaches to literary education; to develop in teachers the skills necessary to determine the optimal option for literary education; literature lessons include activities such as introducing teacher and student activities as well as the specifics of the relationship between the two. Therefore, the objectives of the subject "Methods of teaching literature" are to teach the use of effective methods and techniques of teaching in the teaching process, to have a positive impact on the spirituality of students in the analysis of works of art. to reveal the aspects and to direct them to be able to use them in accordance with the purpose. Among the research methods of the subject "Methods of teaching literature" is the purposeful collection of information on science; observation, including the study, analysis and dissemination of best practices, analysis of educational documents, organization of individual interviews with teachers and students; an experiment in the form of a scientific experiment designed to study untested pedagogical phenomena in different contexts; purposeful. a test, which is a system of checks that accurately measures the level of education and development of students, conducted in specific conditions and procedures; questionnaires in the form of a mass collection of information with the help of specially prepared questions and questionnaires; statistical analysis aimed at determining the quantitative indicators of the educational process; critical study of methodological heritage; examples of student work and more. If students fully master the course "Methods of teaching literature", they will have a full knowledge of the methods and techniques of literary education, any literary text, taking into account the scientific, didactic and age characteristics of the student. they will be able to analyze, effectively organize literature classes, and engage in professional communication with students. That is, students:

• be able to communicate orally and in writing in their native language and in a foreign language on interpersonal and intercultural issues;

• have the ability to be tolerant of the social, ethnic, cultural and religious differences inherent in working with the community;

• have the ability to rationally guide the process of acquiring scientific knowledge in the field of philology;

• be able to organize classroom and extracurricular activities on literature in schools or other educational institutions;

• have the skills to prepare teaching materials needed to organize the training on the basis of existing advanced methods;

• have the skills to teach philology and educate students;

• In their professional activities, they are required to know the individual characteristics of each student and have the skills to apply them in educational practice.

In conclusion, it can be concluded from the theoretical point of view that the science of teaching methods of literature in the period of independence will be improved and enriched in accordance with the requirements of the time.

The goals and objectives of mother tongue education are determined, first of all, by the role of language in society and its role in human life. One of the most important requirements for mother tongue education at school is to prepare students for storytelling activities. It is well known that people interact with each other in all areas of their activities. They think about the events in the being that surrounds them and communicate their thoughts to each other. Hence, the exchange of views in society is a legitimate necessity. Thought, on the other hand, emerges only through language. Therefore, everyone should be able to use the language and first of all try to fully master it. The purpose of the methodology of teaching the native language are:

1. An important requirement for mother tongue education is to develop students' thinking. The development of thinking is an event in the formation of skills of observation, comparison, grouping, separation, generalization of linguistic phenomena, the ability to correctly choose the most suitable for the speech situation from the similar phenomena in the native language lessons.

2. Another important and complex goal before language teaching is to develop students ’speech culture. Of course, language culture is a very large and wide field, it covers all the speech processes from the simple daily greetings of students to whom, what, where, when, how, to speak Mother tongue lessons Means of enhancing the artistic value of speech in the expression of ideas: sharp excerpts and vivid images from proverbs, phraseological combinations, works of art, quotes from the Uzbek people, analogy, adjective, animation, artistic expression, etc. should be taught to use tools, rhetorical interrogative pronouns. Achieving expressiveness and expressiveness of students ’speech is also one of the important requirements before language teaching

3. Language education is also a means of educating and developing students. The acquisition, development and upbringing of a person is a whole process, one of which is inseparable from the other. All sections of the native language have great potential in achieving this important goal: for example, in teaching the phonetics of the Uzbek language, the pronunciation of students is improved by showing the features of the sound system. By creating a rhyming word by changing a certain consonant in a word, by working on the consonance at the end of verses, the melody awakens the envy of poetry in the students.

4. As students work on the literal and figurative meaning of the word, the learning tasks, pictures, slides, and works of art used in that language serve as an important educational tool. Thus, the purpose of mother tongue education is to form and develop in children the skills of creative, independent thinking, the ability to express the product of creative thought in oral and written forms in accordance with the conditions of speech. The above complex work on mother tongue teaching defines the purpose of the methodology. The objectives of the methodology of teaching the native language are:

1. Determining the size, content, purpose, features of the subject of the native language, sections of the course, the relationship between them G 'Classes, the distribution of materials by classes

2. Recommend the most convenient, useful methods and techniques of teaching in order to save time and energy of the student and the teacher, as well as to increase the effectiveness of the ars.

3. Solve problems related to the conditions necessary for students to master the system of knowledge set out in the native language program, and on this basis to develop certain skills and abilities.

4. What to teach? How much training? Why teaching? What methods of teaching? why (one) should a particular method be used in the study of this or that section? answer questions such as.

5. To teach the basic rules of punctuation in the Uzbek language, pronunciation, written speech; extensive use of a variety of dictionaries, the ability to keep records necessary for social life; to form a culture of studying artistic, scientific, social works, to express opinions about them, to express one's personal attitude orally.

References and sources used:

1. Methods of teaching literature [Mant] / textbook: K. Husanboyeva, R. Niyaz Metova .: "Barkamol fayz media" publishing house, 2018.

2. Y. Gulomov, Inomjon Rasulov, Hasan Rustamov, Belgi Mirzaakhmedov. Methods of teaching the Uzbek language, Tashkent, "Teacher", 1995.

3. Askar Gulomov. Principles and methods of teaching the native language. "Tashkent", "Teacher", 1992.

4. Improving the effectiveness of mother tongue teaching. Tashkent, "Teacher", 1996

5. Nurmonov A. Methodology and methods of linguistic research. Tashkent: Akadem Publishing House, 2010

6. www.natlib.uz