Presentation about the wheat

Presentation about the wheat .

Plan:

• A brief information about wheat
• The origin of wheat
• Farming techniques
• Genetics and breeding
• Water efficiency
• Disease resistance
• Diseases
• varieties

WHEAT (Triticum) is a genus of herbaceous plants in the cereal family; most and the main grain crop grown in many parts of the world today. There are about 30 wild and cultivated species in somatic cells that belong to 3 (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid) series that differ in the number of chromosomes. In world agriculture, mainly soft B. or ordinary B. (T. aestivum, T. vulgare) and durum wheat (T. durum) are grown. The remaining species are rarely planted or not planted at all. Many B. species (Ararat, Maxa, Timofeev wheat, Urartu, Persian wheat, etc.) are native to Transcaucasia

• WHEAT (Triticum) is a genus of herbaceous plants in the cereal family; most and the main grain crop grown in many parts of the world today. There are about 30 wild and cultivated species in somatic cells that belong to 3 (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid) series that differ in the number of chromosomes. In world agriculture, mainly soft B. or ordinary B. (T. aestivum, T. vulgare) and durum wheat (T. durum) are grown. The remaining species are rarely planted or not planted at all. Many B. species (Ararat, Maxa, Timofeev wheat, Urartu, Persian wheat, etc.) are native to Transcaucasia

The history of wheat

• Cultivation and repeated harvesting and sowing of the grains of wild grasses led to the creation of domestic strains, as mutant forms (‘sports’) of wheat were preferentially chosen by farmers. In domesticated wheat, grains are larger, and the seeds (inside the spikelets) remain attached to the ear by a toughened rachis during harvesting.[16] In wild strains, a more fragile rachis allows the ear to easily shatter and disperse the spikelets.[17] Selection for these traits by farmers might not have been deliberately intended, but simply have occurred because these traits made gathering the seeds easier; nevertheless such ‘incidental’ selection was an important part of crop domestication. As the traits that improve wheat as a food source also involve the loss of the plant’s natural seed dispersal mechanisms, highly domesticated strains of wheat cannot survive in the wild.