Практическая грамматика


§ 6. A verb can also have some aspect characteristics depending solely on its lexical meaning. Accordingly verbs are divided into terminative



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§ 6. A verb can also have some aspect characteristics depending solely on its lexical meaning. Accordingly verbs are divided into terminative, non-terminative and verbs of double lexical (aspect) character.
1. A terminative verb expresses an action, which has a final aim in view, a certain limit beyond which the action cannot be continued. For instance the final aim of the action expressed by the verb to close is to have something closed; after you have closed it you cannot continue closing — this is the limit beyond which the action of the verb to close does not go.
Here belong simple and composite verbs, such as to come, to bring, to build, to give, to take, to receive, to find, to fall, to kill, to die, to become, to stand up, to sit down, to come to. They can correspond both to Russian verbs of imperfective and of perfective aspect: to come – приходить, прийти; to build – строить, построить; to die – умирать, умереть.
The doctor returned to the room.
The doctor put the aspirins half by half into her mouth and she washed them down with the warm wine. (Spark)
2. Non-terminative verbs denote a certain action, which does not imply any limit. Here belong such verbs as to live, to exist, to sleep, to love, to be, to have, to possess, to work, to speak, to respect, to hope, to sit, etc.

They correspond to Russian verbs of imperfective aspect only: to live — жить, to exist – существовать, to sleep — спать.


She stood in the room noticing the sunlight on the floor. (Spark)
Annabel lay on her sleepless bed now. (Spark)
3. Verbs of double lexical character in certain contexts have a terminative meaning, and in others, a non-terminative meaning. Here belong such verbs as to see, to hear, to write, to read, to translate.
Arthur looked round the room, saw that everything was hidden, and unlocked the door. (Voynich)
Артур бросил взгляд на комнату, увидел, что все спрятано и отпер дверь.
I don't believe in fairies. I never see any. (Galsworthy)
Я не верю в фей. Я их никогда не вижу.

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