Praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and peace and blessings be upon our master Muhammad



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Imam Abu Hanifa

Justice
 


Al-Mas‘udi explained this in 
Muruj adh-Dhahab
:
It is that Allah does not like injustice nor does He create people’s actions. They do what they are 
commanded or forbidden to do by the power which Allah has created for them and placed in them. He 
commands only what He wants and forbids only what He dislikes. He takes charge of every good 
action He has commanded and is free of every evil action He has forbidden. He does not oblige 
people to do anything they are incapable of and He does not desire of them anything they do not have 
the power to do. No one has power to withhold or give except by the power of Allah which He has 
given them and is in their possession. Had He so willed, He could have compelled creation to obey 
Him and prevented them from disobeying Him, but He did not do that. 
The Promise and the Threat
 
This is that Allah repays all who do good with good and all who do evil with evil. He does not forgive 
anyone who does major wrong actions if he does not repent. 
The “Position between the Two Positions” (concerning belief and unbelief)
 
Expounding the Mu‘tazilites’ view on the “Intermediate Position”, ash-Shahrastani said, “This position 
was stated clearly by Wasil when he said that faith designates the qualities of good and when they are 
combined in a person he is called a believer, which is a name of praise. An impious man does not have all the 
qualities of good and does not deserve the name of praise. Hence he is not called a believer – but nor is he an 
unbeliever absolutely, for the 
shahada
and good actions exist in him which cannot be denied. But if he leaves 
this world having committed a major sin without repenting for it, he is one of the people who will remain in 
the Fire forever, since in the Next World there are only two groups: one in Paradise and one in Hell. However, 
the Fire will be alleviated for him and he is above the level of the unbelievers.” 

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