Pragmatic intentions and their verbalization in different types

 
 Тип лицензии CC: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) 
 
438
user in the central position. These changes laid down a basis for an anthropocentric paradigm. The 
anthropocentric paradigm concentrates its attention on the user of the language, his linguistic 
competence, knowledge structures reflected and fixed in the language. 
In a current stage of development, in linguistics there are different trends which study 
language according to the anthropocentric paradigm as cognitive linguistics, pragma linguistics, 
cultural linguistics, etc. One of these trends, pragma linguistics, deals with the “language in action”, 
it studies a language in relation with its users. Another definition of this trend is it is a general 
cognitive, social, and cultural perspective on linguistic phenomena in relation to their usage in 
forms of behavior [2]. Currently, there exists a variety of problematic fields of study in 
pragmalinguistics, one of them is to study the notion of a “pragmatic intention” and its types, their 
verbalization in different contexts. 
In order to define the term “pragmatic intention”, firstly one of the main constituent units of 
pragma linguistics - communicative-pragmatic situation should be explained. Communicative-
pragmatic situation is a complex of external factors which the communicants keep in mind in the 
process of their speech communication. E.S. Aznaurova presents a chain of questions which are the 
basic units of communicative-pragmatic situation, they are as follows: “who-to whom-what-where-
when-why-how”. First two units are related to the participants of communication, in other words, to 
the addressee and the addresser, their social, ethnic, individual, characteristics. The addresser is the 
one who creates the speech act, he aims to realize his intentions and make them recognizable for the 
audience or the addressee. 
Pragmatic intentions are the purpose of using language and these are their types: 
to attract the reader’s attention; 
to interest the reader; 
to exert emotional impact on the reader; 
to activize knowledge structures and creative thinking; 
to represent conceptual world picture [3]. 
In fact, all of these types are rarely used separately, but when the addressee creates a speech 
act, he or she pays more attention to one of them and foreground it in accordance with the aim of 
communication. In order to analyze above-mentioned pragmatic intentions, we are going to define 
them one by one.
The first to be discussed is the pragmatic intention “to attract the reader’s attention” which is 
related to the phenomenon of actualization. Actualization is defined as utilizing linguistic means in 
an unusual manner to attract the attention of readers. There are different transformations of words 
(simple, derivative, and compound words), phraseological units and syntactical means, so the main 
device to verbalize this pragmatic intention in the language is occasionalism. Occasionalism is the 
usage of words in a not normal forms or using them incorrectly. For example, an extract from T. 
Wlliams play “Orpheus descending” can be shown: 
“…I wanted death after that but death don’t come when you want it, it comes when you don’t 
want! I wanted death then, but I took the next best thing. You sold yourself. I sold my self”. 
In this little piece of text, there is very high degree of emotiveness created by convergence of 
stylistic devices, but the most noticeable thing Is the misusage of the compound word myself. 
Decomposition of the compound word brings about a new sense of accentual pattern. By doing so, 
the writer aims at showing implicit meaning. Here he wants to indicate that he sold his whole soul, 
beliefs and manners, in other words he sold everything connected to his self. 

---