Practical lesson 8

Practical lesson 8

1. What is innovation?

2. What is the difference between novelty and innovation?

3. What does innovation in education mean to you?

4. What’s the most innovative thing you have done – or have seen another teacher do – in the classroom?

5. Pleas express your own opinion concerning definitions of the notion “innovation”.

Answers

1. Some authors are saying that innovation consists of the generation of a new idea and its implementation into a new product, process or service, leading to the dynamic growth of the national economy and the increase of employment as well as to a creation of pure profit for the innovative business enterprise.

In general, the concept of "innovation" - a rather complex and multifaceted, his study of the subject of many studies, but, despite this, the generally accepted definition of innovation in science does not exist. There are three main approaches to the consideration of the term.

Schumpeter, which may be called the founder of the theory of innovation in the economy generally, regarded innovation as the economic impact of technological change, as the use of new combinations of existing productive forces to solve the problems of business.

According to Twiss, innovation - a process that combines science, technology, economics and management, as it is to achieve novelty and extends from the emergence of the idea to its commercialization in the form of production, exchange, consumption.

“Innovation consists of the generation of a new idea and its implementation into a new product, process or service, leading to the dynamic growth of the national economy and the increase of employment as well as to a creation of pure profit for the innovative business enterprise. Innovation is never a one-time phenomenon, but a long and cumulative process of a great number of organizational decision-making processes, ranging from the phase of generation of a new idea to its implementation phase. New idea refers to the perception of a new customer need or a new way to produce. It is generated in the cumulative process of information-gathering, coupled with an ever-challenging entrepreneurial vision. Through the implementation process the new idea is developed and commercialized into a new marketable product or a new process with attendant cost reduction and increased productivity.

2. Innovation has its most important impact on the economy through the diffusion of new technical knowledge, from its first worldwide implementation in the production of goods and services to its adoption and adaptation by enterprises located in different places across the globe. Since all innovations contain a certain degree of novelty, measuring the degree of novelty helps us to identify whether an enterprise creates new knowledge or uses already existing knowledge.

Novelty also represents originality, and as such can distinguish between the creation of new knowledge and the adoption and use of existing knowledge. Originality often involves greater risk and uncertainty (Rosenberg, 1976), but it can also lead to greater diffusion as other enterprises try to replicate the innovation. The diffusion of innovation is an important issue for economic growth in general and for closing the technology gap in particular.

3.I mean that using technologies and technological methods. Using some programs and online teaching can be innovative methods in teaching. As for a combination of knowledge society and global economy, the infrastructure of today’s society is based on building knowledge. Educational systems, namely curricula, must be redesigned in a way that they will raise critical and creative thinkers that will focus on contributing to knowledge society. Knowledge building, problem-solving and innovation, skilled communication, collaboration, self-regulation and the use of technology for learning are the very learning outcomes of the 21st century, among which self-regulation that puts the student at the center of educational processes will be the key; as emphasized by Ilhan and Karatas in that the students take active part in the learning process, which will pave the way for the students to become knowledge builders. Innovation in education, as the name suggests and unlike the traditional educational settings, will transform the students from ‘knowledge consumers’ into ‘knowledge manufacturers’ by placing them at the center of innovative educational settings. Therefore, what will take the global society today to the future is knowledge and innovation. Creativity, technically, is a form of knowledge manufacturing; or in other words, it is the knowledge manufactured. On the other hand, innovation doesn’t necessarily mean cutting-edge technology adoption. Because innovation and technology adoption may sometimes be confusing as the two terms sometimes happen to be used interchangeably. Also, innovation is mostly viewed as ‘use of technology itself’. Pisanu and Menapes clears the confusion by putting forward that innovation in education is needed to incorporate old and new technologies and educational environments that already exist may be adapted and upgraded through the use of technology.

4. I have seen the innovative ways of learning Djabbarova Nozima’s lesson who is teacher of the national university of Uzbekistan. She used internet websites to give homework and giving institutions in teaching language for different level students. Teachers’ interaction with the curriculum is significant in that he can control and monitor other variables within the educational system. Rogers puts forward that unless the diffusion of innovations can be ensured, any attempts to innovate will most probably fail by giving several examples of innovative activities failing to diffuse because they weren’t adopted by the general public stating the idea that innovation is difficult to be adopted by public in spite of its certain probable advantages. According to Ala-Mutka, Punie and Redecker, the introduction of technology for innovation in education into the learning environments all over Europe and the world haven’t exhibited signs of desired transformation. The reason why is, from the perspective of Christensen, Johnson and Horn [39], that carrying on the traditional way of teaching the same content using only computer-aided materials. In general, using ICTs can only help teachers to code a core message (a goal and content) in an unconventional form that is targeted for students with different learning styles.

5. Innovation is new thing which has never done. It is created for improving people’s life easily. It helps for everything in lifestyle or education. In education everyday teachers are trying to find news.