Figure 10. Precedents / Dependents Tracing Buttons
Trace precedents
A simple Excel model is shown in the next figure.
Figure 11. A Simple Excel Model
Excel will draw the precedent arrows after a few clicks. Select (click on) cell
D10. Then click “trace precedents” a few times. Each click traces the
precedents one level further.
Figure 12. A Simple Excel Model with Precedents Traced
Note that the beginning of an arrow has a big dot. This is important to bear in
mind when we look at many overlapping arrows. The end of an arrow has an
arrow-head. An arrow goes from a precedent cell to a dependent cell.
Tracing precedents is particularly useful when we want to know what other
cells (values and formulas) affect the selected cell. For example, if cell D6 is
the profit of a company, the precedents show the other items that have an effect
on the profit value.
Looking at arrow connections is much easier than looking at formulas in each
cell, which can also be done by showing all formulas at once (“Show
Formulas” button).
Figure 13. A Simple Excel Model with Formulas Shown
Trace dependents
The “Trace Dependents” button produces similar results. For example, in the
next figure, we select cell A4. Clicking “Trace Dependents” will find the cells
dependent on A4, i.e., the cells with formulas that refer to A4.
The first click will show the immediate dependents (in this case, only one
arrow from A4 to C3). The second click will show the dependents of the
immediate dependents (in this case, another arrow from C3 to D6).
The “Trace Dependents” button is particularly useful when we want to know
how the Excel model will be affected when we change the values in a cell.
Tracing dependents show us all the cells that will be affected.
Figure 14. An Example for Tracing Dependents
A quick display of immediate precedents
If we are interested in only the immediate precedents of a cell (i.e., we don’t
want to trace the precedents of the precedents), there is a super quick method
to visually show them.
Simply double-click on a cell, its immediate precedents will be highlighted
with colors that match their cell reference in the formula.
An example is given below. By double-clicking on cell C7, the precedents are
shown. Cell A4 is shaded blue to match the blue color of “A4” in the formula.
Similarly, cell B4 is shaded red to match the red color of “B4” in the formula.
Unfortunately, there is no equivalent method to highlight dependents.
This technique is very fast and simple for tracing precedents of a single cell.
For some complex tracing, we need to go back to the “Trace Precedents” and
“Trace Dependents” buttons.
Figure 15. Formula Highlighting
Box arrow for a range of precedent cells
Where cells are stated one by one in a formula, the arrows are shown
separately. As we have seen earlier, where a formula states a range of cells,
e.g., A1:A5, the arrows are organized into one arrow. An illustration is shown
below.
Figure 16. Precedent Arrows for Individually Specified Cells
The above figure shows a formula where every precedent cell is explicitly
stated. Tracing precedent shows an arrow from each precedent cell.
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