Pdf minority policies in the Muslim world


Table 4: South and Southeast Asian states on minority policy



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(PDF) Minority policies in the Muslim world

Table 4: South and Southeast Asian states on minority policy

Country

ICCPR*

ICESCR**

ICERD***

ICRMW****

Bangladesh

Ratification,

 

accession 



or

succession

Ratification,

 

accession 



or

succession

Ratification,

 

accession  or



succession

 

 



Signature  not  yet

 

followed 



by

ratification

MINORITY POLICIES IN THE MUSLIM WORLD/MD. MONIRUZZAMAN

35

Country



ICCPR*

ICESCR**

ICERD***

ICRMW****

Brunei


------------------

---------------

---------------

----------------

Indonesia

Ratification,

 

accession 



or

succession

Ratification,

 

accession 



or

succession

Ratification,

 

accession  or



succession

 

 



Signature  not  yet

 

followed 



by

ratification

Malaysia

--------------

---------------

----------------

----------------

Maldives


Ratification,

 

accession 



or

succession

--------------

Ratification,

 

accession  or



succession

----------------

Pakistan

------------------

Signature  not yet

 

followed 



by

ratification

Ratification,

 

accession  or



succession

-------------------



*

The International Covenant on the Civil and Po litical Rights



** The International Covenant on the Economic, Social,  and Cultural Rights

*** The International Convention on the Elimination o f all Forms of Racial Discrimination

**** The  International Convention  on the  Protection 

of the Rights of all Migrant Workers

and Members of their Families

 

 



 

 

 



Source: Adapted  from  Minority  Rights  Group  International, State  of  the  Worlds’  Minorities

(MRGI: 2008), 170.

Table 4 shows that only Bangladesh and Indonesia have ratified or signed almost all

the conventions,  Pakistan and  Maldives have  ratified or  signed two conventions each,

whereas Malaysia and Brunei have neither ratified nor signed any of the four conventions.

From the table it is clear that Asian pattern does not confirm the initial hypothesis,

which states that levels of democratization are positively related to the protection of the

minorities. In  fact, semi-democracy such  as Malaysia has  not signed  any  conventions

related to minorities. A similar pattern can be seen in the case of Pakistan though with

some better record. Brunei Darussalam is identical to Malaysia. On the other spectrum are

 

 

 



 

 

 



 

   


   

 

Bangladesh  and  Indonesia  that  have  far  better  record  in  terms  of  ratification  of



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conventions related to minorities.

Ethnicity  in  Pakistan  is  intertwined  with  nationalism  allowing  progression  from

 

ethnic  group to  nationhood  (Malik, 1997).  Pakistan  has a turbulent  history  of ethnic



conflict and tension between the state and society. India has been used as an excuse for

domestic crackdown on the groups who demand political, cultural and linguistic identity.

When  Pervez  Musharaf  resigned  from  the  post  of  presidency,  Baluchistan  has  been

 

 



 

 

 



 

 

 



 

relieved  from  the  enforced  disappearance  and  prosecutions  when  new  government

changed polices.  Ethnic relations have been deteriorating in the Swat Valley over the use

 

of the Shari’ah Law.  Similarly, Waziristan has been the target of the military campaign



on the hunt for al-Qaida.

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